How to Start VANET Projects Using NS3

To start the Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) projects using NS3 has several steps that include replicating the interaction among vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (V2I) focusing on network protocols, traffic safety applications, or other communication situations. In traffic management, accident prevention, and infotainment, VANETs are generally utilized for applications.

We adhere to given procedure to configuring a VANET project in NS3.

Steps to Start VANET Projects in NS3

  1. Install NS-3
  1. Download and Install NS3 if we haven’t already done:

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git ns-3

cd ns-3

./waf configure –enable-examples –enable-tests

./waf build

  1. Verify Installation: Execute a WiFi example making sure that NS3 is properly installed on the system. WiFi is frequently utilized for VANET simulations:

./waf –run=wifi-simple-adhoc

  1. Understand VANET Components

We will normally function in a VANET project:

  • Vehicle Nodes: Denote an individual vehicle, every single vehicle are furnished with a wireless communication device.
  • Roadside Units (RSUs): Infrastructure nodes located on certain places over the road offering the connectivity and data to vehicles.
  • Mobility Models: We can replicate the realistic vehicle movement patterns like highway or city traffic.
  • Communication Protocols: For VANETs, general protocols like 802.11p (WAVE) for dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) and for data routing among vehicles ad-hoc routing protocols such as AODV or OLSR.
  1. Set Up a Basic VANET Network Topology

A simple VANET configuration includes numerous vehicle nodes to interact utilizing WiFi or 802.11p within ad-hoc mode. Also, we can append RSUs to replicate the interaction among the vehicles and infrastructure.

Example: VANET with WiFi in Ad-hoc Mode

Following is an instance makes a basic VANET in which several vehicles communicate over WiFi within ad-hoc mode.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

// Create nodes for vehicles

NodeContainer vehicleNodes;

vehicleNodes.Create(5);

// Set up WiFi in ad-hoc mode (similar to 802.11p DSRC)

YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetStandard(WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211p); // Use 802.11p standard for vehicular communication

WifiMacHelper mac;

mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

NetDeviceContainer devices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, vehicleNodes);

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(vehicleNodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices);

// Set up mobility for vehicle nodes

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(10.0),

“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(5),

“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantVelocityMobilityModel”);

// Set speed for each vehicle node

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < vehicleNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

Ptr<Node> node = vehicleNodes.Get(i);

node->GetObject<ConstantVelocityMobilityModel>()->SetVelocity(Vector(20.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // 20 m/s

}

mobility.Install(vehicleNodes);

// Set up UDP echo applications (simulating V2V message exchange)

uint16_t port = 9;

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(port);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install(vehicleNodes.Get(0));

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces.GetAddress(0), port);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(10));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

for (uint32_t i = 1; i < vehicleNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install(vehicleNodes.Get(i));

clientApp.Start(Seconds(2.0 + i));

clientApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

}

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

  1. Configure Mobility for Vehicles

For VANET simulations, realistic mobility is significant. We can be utilized mobility models such as ConstantVelocityMobilityModel, RandomWaypointMobilityModel, or import traces for more complex situations from external sources.

Example:

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantVelocityMobilityModel”);

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < vehicleNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

Ptr<Node> node = vehicleNodes.Get(i);

node->GetObject<ConstantVelocityMobilityModel>()->SetVelocity(Vector(25.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // 25 m/s

}

  1. Set Up Communication Protocols and Applications

Vehicles often interchange data in VANETs. Replicate the data exchange like safety messages or infotainment data utilizing applications such as UdpEchoApplication, OnOffApplication, or custom applications.

Example:

OnOffHelper onOff(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress(interfaces.GetAddress(1), port));

onOff.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“100Kbps”));

onOff.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer app = onOff.Install(vehicleNodes.Get(0));

app.Start(Seconds(2.0));

app.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

  1. Use Ad-hoc Routing for Multi-hop Communication

Allow multi-hop communication, to configure an ad-hoc routing protocol like AODV or OLSR. In the network, it supports messages propagate over nodes.

Example using AODV:

AodvHelper aodv;

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.SetRoutingHelper(aodv); // Enable AODV

stack.Install(vehicleNodes);

  1. Add Roadside Units (RSUs)

RSUs function like infrastructure to support V2I interaction. Append RSUs to the replication by means of making stationary nodes over the road and to link them for interaction to vehicle nodes.

Example:

NodeContainer rsuNodes;

rsuNodes.Create(2); // Two RSUs

MobilityHelper rsuMobility;

rsuMobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

rsuMobility.Install(rsuNodes);

// Configure RSU communication with vehicles

NetDeviceContainer rsuDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, rsuNodes);

stack.Install(rsuNodes);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer rsuInterfaces = address.Assign(rsuDevices);

  1. Collect and Analyze VANET Performance Metrics

For VANET projects, examine the general performance parameters contain:

  • Throughput: For V2V or V2I communication, estimate the data rate.
  • Latency: Monitor end-to-end delay for message transmission.
  • Packet Delivery Ratio: Confirm how reliably packets are distributed through traveling vehicles.
  • Interference and Signal Quality: In dense or high-speed situations, we can estimate the signal quality.

Accumulate parameters to utilize FlowMonitor:

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

monitor->SerializeToXmlFile(“vanet-flowmon.xml”, true, true);

  1. Visualize and Analyze Results
  • NetAnim: Envision the vehicle movements, connections, and packet exchanges using NetAnim.
  • Trace Analysis: Examine the network events, packet drops, and performance to utilize trace files.
  • Graphing Tools: Transfer data plotting parameters such as latency, throughput, and packet delivery ratio.
  1. Experiment with Advanced VANET Scenarios

We can discover advanced situations, after configuring the basic VANET:

  • Heterogeneous Networks: Aggregate WiFi (802.11p) and LTE/5G focusing on heterogeneous network impacts.
  • Density Analysis: We measure how network performance modifies with diverse vehicle densities.
  • Safety Applications: Execute the situations such as collision avoidance by way of replicating an emergency message broadcasts.
  • Interference and Propagation: Experiment diverse propagation models and then observe the interference within dense traffic environments.

Above offered demonstration covers the step-by-step method of the VANET projects that were configured and examined using NS3 tool. We are equipped to deliver more specifies upon requirements.

Kindly provide all your project details to phdprojects.org, and we will help you attain optimal results. We specialize in network protocols, traffic safety applications, and various communication scenarios, so feel free to share your project information for additional assistance. For cutting-edge VANET projects utilizing the NS3 tool, you can count on our team of experts for support.