How to Start Ping Sweep Attack Projects using NS3

To simulate a Ping Sweep attack utilizing a NS-3, we require to concentrate on automating ICMP Echo Requests (ping) we scan a range of IP addresses and typically to identify the live hosts in a network. Here’s how to create a Ping Sweep attack simulation:

Steps to Start Ping Sweep Attack Projects using NS3

1. Set Up NS-3

• Install NS-3 and its dependencies:

./waf configure

./waf build

• Verify installation with:

./waf –run hello-simulator

2. Understand Ping Sweep Attacks

• Ping Sweep Definition:
  • A Ping Sweep has included the sending ICMP Echo Requests we different IP addresses to identify live hosts.
• Attack Scenario:
  • Attacker Node: Transfer the ICMP Echo Requests we all nodes to a given IP range.
  • Victim Nodes: Response by ICMP Echo Replies if they are active.

3. Define the Network Topology

• Generate a topology through multiple nodes in which one node acts as the attacker.
• Sample Topology:

NodeContainer attackerNode, victimNodes;

attackerNode.Create(1);  // 1 attacker

victimNodes.Create(10); // 10 victims

 

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

// Connect the attacker to the victims

NetDeviceContainer devices;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < victimNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

devices.Add(p2p.Install(NodeContainer(attackerNode.Get(0), victimNodes.Get(i))));

}

4. Install Network Protocols

• Enhance the Internet stack and assign IP addresses.
• Example:

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(attackerNode);

stack.Install(victimNodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < victimNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

std::ostringstream subnet;

subnet << “10.1.” << i << “.0”;

address.SetBase(subnet.str().c_str(), “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(devices.Get(i));

}

5. Generate Legitimate Traffic (Optional)

• Improve the legitimate traffic we replicate the general network activity.
• Example: UDP traffic among victim nodes.

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(victimNodes.Get(0));

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(victimNodes.Get(0)->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress(1, 0), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(100));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(0.1)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(victimNodes.Get(1));

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

6. Simulate the Ping Sweep Attack

• The attacker node transfers the ICMP Echo Requests we all victim nodes.
• Instance Code for Ping Sweep:

void PingSweep(Ptr<Node> attacker, const std::vector<Ipv4Address>& targets) {

Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = attacker->GetObject<Ipv4>();

for (const auto& target : targets) {

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(2.0), [=]() {

Ptr<Socket> socket = Socket::CreateSocket(attacker, TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::Ipv4RawSocketFactory”));

IcmpEcho echo;

echo.SetTarget(target);

Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet>((uint8_t *)&echo, sizeof(echo));

socket->SendTo(packet, 0, InetSocketAddress(target, 0));

});

}

}

• Schedule the attack:

std::vector<Ipv4Address> victimAddresses;

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < victimNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

victimAddresses.push_back(victimNodes.Get(i)->GetObject<Ipv4>()->GetAddress(1, 0));

}

PingSweep(attackerNode.Get(0), victimAddresses);

7. Enable Packet Capturing

• Ensure the PCAP tracing we seizure their packets for Wireshark analysis.

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.EnablePcapAll(“ping-sweep”);

8. Run the Simulation

• We compile and run the simulation:

./waf –run ping-sweep

• The generated .pcap files will contain ICMP traffic, which can be analyzed with Wireshark.

9. Analyze Results in Wireshark

• Open the .pcap file in Wireshark:

wireshark ping-sweep-0-0.pcap

• Utilizing their ICMP filters we view Echo Requests and Replies:
  • ICMP Echo Requests: icmp.type == 8
  • ICMP Echo Replies: icmp.type == 0

10. Optional: Add Detection Mechanisms

• Estimate the detection of abnormal ICMP traffic patterns:
  • Threshold-based detection: Classify the high number of ICMP Echo Requests from a single source.
  • Rate limiting: Limited the ICMP packet rates at routers or firewalls.
• Sample: Monitoring ICMP Traffic

void MonitorIcmpTraffic(Ptr<Packet> packet) {

Ipv4Header ipv4Header;

packet->PeekHeader(ipv4Header);

if (ipv4Header.GetProtocol() == Ipv4Header::PROTO_ICMP) {

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“ICMP packet detected: ” << ipv4Header);

}

}

11. Evaluate Metrics

• Analyse the effect of the attack:
  • Number of hosts identified as “alive.”
  • Network latency caused by the attack.
  • Total ICMP traffic volume.

This setup enables you to simulate a Ping Sweep attack in NS-3, capture traffic in Wireshark, and optionally implement detection mechanisms to counter the attack. Let me know if you need help with the code or specific configurations!

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