How to Start FANET Projects Using NS2

To create a FANET (Flying Ad Hoc Network) project using NS2 it contains the replicating of network for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) which communicate through every other in an ad hoc manner. FANETs are a subset of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), by unique features like as 3D mobility, dynamic topology, and stringent performance necessary for real-time communication.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to start your FANET project using NS2:

Steps to Start FANET Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand FANET Basics

Key Features:

  • 3D Mobility: UAVs action in three-dimensional space.
  • Dynamic Topology: In general variations in the network topology for the UAV mobility.
  • Low Latency and High Reliability: Necessary for real-time communication through delay and reliability.
  • Applications:
    • It introduces the Disaster management.
    • Keep track the environment.
    • Military operations.

Metrics:

  • Energy efficiency
  • Throughput.
  • End-to-end delay.
  • Packet delivery ratio.
  1. Install NS2
  1. Download NS2: From the NS2 official website.
  2. Install: Monitor on the installation procedures for your platform such as Linux is preferred.
  3. Verify Installation: The process for the sample scripts we assure the NS2 is properly installed.
  1. Define FANET Simulation Objectives

Identify the focus of your FANET project:

  • Routing Protocol Evaluation: Validate the protocols such as AODV, DSR, or custom FANET-specific protocols based on the estimation.
  • Mobility Models: The UAV mobility model using replicate the realistic of 3D movement design.
  • Performance Metrics: Calculate the parameter such as delay, packet delivery, and throughput.
  1. Extend NS2 for FANET
  2. Add 3D Mobility
  1. Adjust the mobility model we help for 3D movement:
    • The NS2’s use previous mobility models such as Random Waypoint and encompass for the 3D organizes.
  2. Sample for TCL Script for 3D Mobility:

$ns at 1.0 “$node_(0) setdest 200 300 100 10.0” ;# Move to (200, 300, 100) at 10 m/s

  1. Adjust Propagation Models
  • Modify the broadcast design to account for altitude, line-of-sight, and environmental factors.
  1. Implement UAV-Specific Energy Models
  • The NS2’s use the energy model to replicate the UAV energy usage during flight and communication.
  1. Write a TCL Script for FANET Simulation

Step 1: Define Simulation Parameters

set ns [new Simulator]

# Simulation parameters

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel   ;# Channel type

set val(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround  ;# Propagation model

set val(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy          ;# Network interface type

set val(mac)    Mac/802_11               ;# MAC protocol

set val(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue  ;# Interface queue

set val(ll)     LL                       ;# Link layer type

set val(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna      ;# Antenna type

set val(x)      1000                     ;# X-dimension of topology

set val(y)      1000                     ;# Y-dimension of topology

set val(z)      500                      ;# Z-dimension for altitude

set val(energy) 10.0                     ;# Initial energy in Joules

Step 2: Create Nodes

Define UAVs as mobile nodes:

# Create UAV nodes

set uav_0 [$ns node]

$uav_0 set X_ 100

$uav_0 set Y_ 200

$uav_0 set Z_ 50

set uav_1 [$ns node]

$uav_1 set X_ 300

$uav_1 set Y_ 400

$uav_1 set Z_ 100

Step 3: Configure Mobility

Simulate UAV movement in 3D space:

# Set initial positions and movements

$ns at 1.0 “$uav_0 setdest 200 300 150 10.0”

$ns at 2.0 “$uav_1 setdest 400 500 200 8.0”

Step 4: Set Traffic

Simulate communication between UAVs:

# Attach UDP agents

set udp_0 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $uav_0 $udp_0

set udp_sink [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $uav_1 $udp_sink

# Connect UDP agent to sink

$ns connect $udp_0 $udp_sink

# Add CBR traffic

set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr attach-agent $udp_0

$cbr set packetSize_ 512

$cbr set rate_ 1Mb

$ns at 1.5 “$cbr start”

  1. Run the Simulation

Store the TCL script as fanet_simulation.tcl and implement:

ns fanet_simulation.tcl

  1. Analyze Results
  1. Trace File:
    • Excerpt the performance parameter such as throughput, delay, and packet delivery ratio from the trace file.
    • Example command:

grep “cbr” tracefile.tr

  1. Visualization:
    • The envision for NAM (Network Animator) use to visualize the UAV communication:

nam output.nam

  1. Graphical Analysis:
    • The graphical tools use like Xgraph, Python, or MATLAB we mark the performance parameter metrics.
  1. Extend the Simulation
  2. Routing Protocols
  • Estimate the performance of routing FANET-specific protocols or alter the previous protocols like AODV we maintain the 3D topology changes.
  1. Interference Modeling
  • Replicate and mitigate intrusion in dense UAV deployments for the modelling.
  1. Energy Efficiency
  • Apply the energy-aware routing protocols or replicate the UAV energy usage design.
  1. Fault Tolerance
  • Design the fault finding and recovery mechanisms for UAV communication in the tolerance.
  1. Example Applications
  1. Disaster Management:
    • Replicate the UAVs coordinating search and rescue operations.
  2. Environmental Monitoring:
    • Design the UAVs gathering and distribute the environmental data.
  3. Military Operations:
    • Validate the communication consistency in dynamic, mission-critical environment.
  1. Explore Advanced Tools

If NS2 lacks features required for FANET simulations, consider:

  • NS3: It helps to deliver enhance the modern wireless and UAV replication.
  • OMNeT++: Modular and stable for FANET modeling using the OMNeT++.
  • MATLAB/Simulink: Model for physical layer and flight dynamics modeling for the tool like a MATLAB and Simulink.

Let me know if you need help with FANET-specific protocols, mobility models, or performance analysis!

In this page, we gather the information on how to execute and deploy the Flying Ad Hoc Network using the tool of ns2 simulation. Additional queries regarding this project will be addressed in another document.