How to start Multi Microgrid Projects Using NS2

To create a Multi-Microgrid (MMG) project using NS2 has includes the replicating of communication and control mechanisms in among the microgrid. Although NS2 is primarily a network replicator, we can design the communication layer of MMGs and their communications by the grid or other microgrids. Customization is need to signify the unique features for microgrid systems, like as distributed energy resources (DERs), power flow control, and energy trading.

Steps to start Multi-Microgrid Projects Using NS2

Here’s how to start a Multi-Microgrid project in NS2:

  1. Understand Multi-Microgrid Systems
  • Key Features:
    • Decentralized Control: Communication among the microgrid controllers and DERs.
    • Energy Trading: Transmission for market-based energy transactions in a trading.
    • Resilience: Data change the fault detection and recovery is the resilience.
    • Grid Connection: It includes the Inter-microgrid and grid-microgrid communication.
  • Applications:
    • Distributed energy management.
    • Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading.
    • Load balancing
  1. Install NS2
  1. Download NS2: Follow from the NS2 official website.
  2. Install: Observe the installation procedures for the operating system.
  3. Verify Installation: Validate by sample scripts we confirm functionality.
  1. Define the Scope of Your Project

Decide the concentrate of the project:

  • Energy Management intended for load balancing and energy dispatch is communicated.
  • Fault Detection: transmission for fault identification and isolation is the finding of fault.
  • P2P Energy Trading: Replicate the negotiation and energy modify among the microgrid.
  • Scalability: Validate the performance for number of microgrid improved.
  1. Design the Multi-Microgrid Topology

A typical MMG topology involves:

  1. Microgrids:
    • Every microgrid contains the DERs for sample solar panels, batteries and loads.
  2. Communication Nodes:
    • Microgrid controllers are communicating through every other and the main grid.
  3. Central Grid:
    • Signifies the main power grid.
  1. Write the TCL Script

Here’s how to model MMG communication in NS2:

Step 1: Define Simulation Parameters

Set up the simulation environment:

set ns [new Simulator]

# Communication parameters

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel  ;# Wireless communication

set val(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# Propagation model

set val(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy          ;# Network interface

set val(mac)    Mac/802_11               ;# MAC protocol

set val(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue

set val(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna      ;# Antenna type

set val(x)      1000                     ;# X-dimension of topology

set val(y)      1000                     ;# Y-dimension of topology

Step 2: Create Nodes

Define microgrid controllers and the main grid:

# Create microgrid controllers

set mg_1 [$ns node]

$mg_1 set X_ 100

$mg_1 set Y_ 200

 

set mg_2 [$ns node]

$mg_2 set X_ 300

$mg_2 set Y_ 400

# Create central grid

set grid [$ns node]

$grid set X_ 500

$grid set Y_ 500

Step 3: Define Links

Launch the communication connection among the nodes:

# Define wireless links

$ns duplex-link $mg_1 $grid 10Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $mg_2 $grid 10Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $mg_1 $mg_2 10Mb 10ms DropTail

Step 4: Add Traffic

Replicate the data modify for energy management:

# Attach UDP agents for communication

set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $mg_1 $udp1

set udp2 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $mg_2 $udp2

set sink [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $grid $sink

# Connect agents

$ns connect $udp1 $sink

$ns connect $udp2 $sink

# Add CBR traffic for energy data

set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr1 attach-agent $udp1

$cbr1 set packetSize_ 512

$cbr1 set rate_ 100Kb

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr1 start”

Step 5: Simulate Mobility (Optional)

If components (e.g., mobile DERs) are dynamic, simulate movement:

$ns at 3.0 “$mg_1 setdest 150 250 5.0”

$ns at 5.0 “$mg_2 setdest 350 450 3.0”

  1. Run the Simulation

Store the script as mmg_simulation.tcl and execute:

ns mmg_simulation.tcl

  1. Analyze Results
  1. Trace File:
    • Examine the communication parameter metrics such as latency, throughput, and packet loss.
  2. Visualization:
    • Use the envision for NAM (Network Animator) to show for the network:

nam output.nam

  1. Graphical Analysis:
    • Used the analysis tool Xgraph, Python, or MATLAB to mark performance parameter.
  1. Extend the Simulation
  2. Energy Management
  • Design the communication for real-time energy dispatch and load balancing.
  1. Fault Tolerance
  • Replicate the fault detection and recovery mechanisms for a tolerance.
  1. Energy Trading
  • Increase the peer-to-peer communication for energy trading using modifies protocols.
  1. Scalability Testing
  • Replicate the networks through several microgrid to estimate the communication bottlenecks.
  1. Example Applications
  1. Smart Grid Communication:
    • Replicate on how microgrid communicate by the key grid of load management.
  2. Distributed Energy Management:
    • Implement the communication performance in environment such as peak shaving or energy storage.
  3. Emergency Scenarios:
    • Validate the communication in isolated microgrid during grid outages.
  1. Advanced Tools

If NS2 does not fully meet your requirements:

  • NS3: Modern IoT helps the smart grid communication replication.
  • OMNeT++: Stable for designing the energy systems and communication networks.
  • MATLAB/Simulink: The tools are ideal for physical layer and energy flow simulations.
  • OpenDSS: Designed for electrical modeling, associate through the NS2 for communication.

In this demonstration we clearly learned and gain knowledge on how the Multi-Microgrid project will perform in the network simulation environment using the tool of ns2 and also we deliver the sample snippets to complete the process. If more queries arise we will explain another manual.