How to Start ISP Protocols Projects Using NS2

To start an ISP Protocol projects in NS2 (Network Simulator 2), which needs to simulate the Internet Service Provider (ISP) network functionalities like routing, traffic management, Quality of Service (QoS), and protocol performance. Here’s a step-by-step guide to get started:

ISP networks have:

  1. Routing Protocols: The routing protocols which includes the EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol), BGP (Border Gateway Protocol), OSPF.
  2. Traffic Control: Guarantee the congestion prioritization and load balancing for traffic management.
  3. Performance Metrics: Focus on the performance parameters such as throughput, packet loss, delay, and jitter.

Steps to Start ISP Protocol Projects in NS2

  1. Set Up the NS2 Environment

Make sure we have installed NS2 and execute on the system.

  • Install NS2 on Ubuntu/Linux:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install ns2 nam xgraph

  • Verify:

ns

If % prompt is occurs then installation is effectively executed.

  1. Plan the ISP Network Topology

Design the multi-tiered network for indicates the ISP infrastructure:

  • Core Network: The core network contains high-bandwidth backbone connection.
  • Access Network: For the ISP routers, it associated the end-users or customer nodes.
  • Routing Protocol: It selects the routing path to execute in the routing protocols like BGP or OSPF.
  • Traffic Management: Make use of the traffic control with TCP/UDP via QoS metrics.
  1. Create the NS2 TCL Script

Here’s an example script to simulate the ISP network with the support of static routing and traffic congestion.

ISP Protocol Simulation Script

# Initialize the Simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

set tracefile [open isp_trace.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

set namfile [open isp_nam.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $namfile

# Define Colors for Visualization

$ns color 1 Blue

$ns color 2 Red

$ns color 3 Green

# Create Nodes for ISP Topology

set core1 [$ns node]

set core2 [$ns node]

set access1 [$ns node]

set access2 [$ns node]

set user1 [$ns node]

set user2 [$ns node]

# Define Links with Bandwidth and Delay

$ns duplex-link $core1 $core2 10Mb 5ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $core1 $access1 5Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $core2 $access2 5Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $access1 $user1 2Mb 15ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $access2 $user2 2Mb 15ms DropTail

# Label Nodes for Clarity

$core1 label “ISP Core 1”

$core2 label “ISP Core 2”

$access1 label “Access Router 1”

$access2 label “Access Router 2”

$user1 label “Customer 1”

$user2 label “Customer 2”

# Configure Static Routing (For simplicity)

$core1 add-route $core2 1

$core2 add-route $core1 1

$access1 add-route $user1 1

$access2 add-route $user2 1

# Add Traffic Generators

set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP]

set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $user1 $tcp1

$ns attach-agent $user2 $sink1

$ns connect $tcp1 $sink1

set ftp1 [new Application/FTP]

$ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1

# Schedule Traffic

$ns at 1.0 “$ftp1 start”

$ns at 4.0 “$ftp1 stop”

# Finish Procedure

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam isp_nam.nam &

exit 0

}

# Run Simulation

$ns at 5.0 “finish”

$ns run

  1. Run the Simulation
  1. We can save the script like isp_protocol_simulation.tcl in NS2.
  2. Then we execute the simulation script with NS2:

ns isp_protocol_simulation.tcl

  1. Outputs:
    • Trace file: isp_trace.tr used for performance analysis.
    • NAM file: isp_nam.nam is supports to visualize the packet flow and routing.
  1. Analyze the Results

Metrics to Analyze:

  1. Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): Make use of an AWK script for estimate the rate of packet distribution:

awk ‘BEGIN {sent=0; received=0}

{if ($1==”s”) sent++; if ($1==”r”) received++}

END {print “PDR:”, received/sent*100 “%”}’ isp_trace.tr

  1. End-to-End Delay: Estimate the average time from send and received packet timestamps.
  2. Throughput: Measure the data that are acquired at the destination node over time.
  3. Routing Efficiency: Verify the control overhead using trace file for routing.
  1. Extend the Project

To prolong the ISP protocol simulation, we can follow:

  1. Dynamic Routing:
    • Implement the dynamic routing path with the support of BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) or OSPF.
    • Make use of dynamic routing for rtproto:

$ns rtproto BGP

  1. QoS Management:
    • Give precedence to some congestion flows for congestion control to apply CBQ (Class-Based Queuing) or RED (Random Early Detection).
  2. Traffic Models:
    • Improve traffic patterns for the CBR, FTP, or VoIP-like traffic support for ISP network.
  3. Performance Comparison:
    • It connects the routing protocols like Static, BGP, OSPF depends on the metrics such as latency, throughput, and packet delivery ratio.
  4. Fault Tolerance:
    • Mimic node or connection failures and analyses the path retrieval times for fault tolerance.
  1. Document the Results

This project has detailed report or documentation that contains:

  1. Network Topology: We can design to show the key, assign, and customer nodes.
  2. Simulation Parameters:
    • It simulates the performance parameters like Link bandwidth, delays, traffic rates, and node setting.
  3. Performance Analysis:
    • It examines the performance of PDR, latency, throughput, and routing overhead.
  4. Comparative Study:
    • Compare the diverse routing protocols that are connected like Static Routing vs BGP.
  5. Conclusions:
    • It provides conclusions about the performance and reliability monitor for the ISP network.

With the help of stepwise approach in NS2, we have effectively simulated and executed the ISP Protocols Projects. Further innovative mechanisms and concepts will be shared as the project progresses.