How to Start VANET Projects Using NS2

To stimulate the VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) project using NS2 has been including the replication of vehicles network are communicating the wirelessly in a dynamic surroundings. VANET projects frequently effort on routing, mobility, safety, or performance evaluation.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to starting a VANET project using NS2:

Steps to Start VANET Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand VANET Basics
  • Applications: The applications are include the routing protocols, safety applications, congestion management, and traffic optimization.
  • Key Features:
    • It is highly dynamic topology.
    • It needs the low latency.
    • Vehicle mobility modeling.
  1. Install NS2
  1. Download NS2 from the NS2 official website.
  2. Install it on a Linux-based operating system.
  3. Validate the installation through sample scripts.
  1. Define the Project Scope
  • Classify the purpose of the VANET replication:
    • Routing Protocols: it includes the routing such as AODV, DSDV, DSR, or custom protocols.
    • Safety Applications: Emergency message are diffusion in the application for safety.
    • Performance Metrics: It delivers the performance of parameter metrices such as throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio.
  1. Integrate VANET Support into NS2

NS2 does not natively help for the VANET; nevertheless we can encompass for following the VANET:

  1. Mobility Models
  1. Generate Mobility Scenarios:
    • Use tools such as SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) we generate the realistic vehicle action are traces.
    • Distribute the traces in a format compatible through NS2.
    • Example tools:
      • VanetMobiSim: Precise for VANET mobility.
      • MOVE: it creates the NS2-compatible traces from real-world maps.
  2. Add Mobility Traces:
    • They create the used for trace file in TCL script we describe the vehicle movement.
    • Sample TCL script snippet:

set val(trace) “vanet_scenario.tcl”

source $val(trace)

  1. Wireless Communication
  1. Setting the NS2 nodes for wireless communication:

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel

set val(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround

set val(mac)    Mac/802_11

set val(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue

set val(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy

set val(ll)     LL

set val(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna

  1. Describe the node communication range and other parameters:

set val(x)      1000    ;# X-dimension of topology

set val(y)      1000    ;# Y-dimension of topology

set val(txpower) 0.2818 ;# Transmission power

set val(freq)   2.4e9   ;# Frequency in Hz

  1. Write TCL Script for VANET

Build a TCL script for the VANET replication:

Step 1: Define Nodes

Create vehicles as nodes:

set ns [new Simulator]

set node_($i) [$ns node]

Step 2: Apply Mobility

Allocate the mobility design to nodes:

$ns at 1.0 “$node_($i) setdest $x $y $speed”

Step 3: Set Traffic

State the communication among nodes:

set tcp [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $node_($src) $tcp

set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $node_($dst) $sink

$ns connect $tcp $sink

# Add traffic

set app [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$app attach-agent $tcp

$app set packetSize_ 512

$app set rate_ 100Kb

Step 4: Run Simulation

Start the simulation:

$ns at 0.0 “start”

$ns at 10.0 “stop”

$ns run

  1. Evaluate Performance
  • Trace Analysis: The trace file are examine the performance parameter metrics like:
    • End-to-end delay.
    • Network throughput.
    • Packet delivery ratio.
  • Visualization:
    • Envision used for the NAM (Network Animator) to monitor the vehicular movements.
    • Sample:

nam output.nam

  1. Extend the Project
  • Custom Protocols: Apply or alter the previous protocols such as AODV, DSDV, or DSR to estimate the VANET performance.
  • Security: Execute the secure routing protocols and Replication of attacks for security such as Denial of Service.
  • QoS: Increase the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters metrices such as delay-sensitive applications.
  1. Example VANET Applications
  1. Routing Protocol Evaluation: Associate the performance protocols such as AODV, DSR, and DSDV in dynamic vehicular situations.
  2. Emergency Message Dissemination: Distribute the complex messages replicates for urban or highway surroundings.
  3. Traffic Congestion Management: Study the effect of transmission on decreasing the traffic congestion.
  1. Tools and Resources
  • SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility):
    • Create the realistic vehicle movement.
    • Transfer the NS2-compatible mobility traces.
    • The SUMO is an official Site
  • VanetMobiSim:
  • MOVE:
    • Creates the vehicular mobility models for NS2.
    • The MOVE is an official Site
  • NS2 Documentation:
    • It refers to the NS2 Document.
  1. Consider Alternatives

If NS2 lacks structures for the VANET project, consider:

  • NS3: it helps for improve the modern replication for VANET.
  • OMNeT++: Stable for mobility modeling and communication protocols.
  • MATLAB: The toolboxes are advanced for mobility and network replication.

Let me know if you need detailed help with TCL scripting, mobility integration, or protocol implementation for VANET!

The above following demonstration will clearly show how to replicate and enforce the Vehicular Ad-hoc Network in ns2 tool that is used to transmit the communication protocol via the network. If you have concerns or queries, they will be addressed in a separate manual.