How to Start Wireless Body Area Network Projects Using NS2

To create a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) project using NS2 has been contains set-up for replication surrounding tailored to body-centric wireless communication, in which the sensor communicate the central node or hub. The NS2 does not natively helps for WBAN-detailed features; nevertheless we can modify the design foe WBAN application for effectiveness.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to start your WBAN project using NS2:

Steps to Start Wireless Body Area Network Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand WBAN Basics
  • Applications:
    • It tracks the healthcare.
    • It monitors the Fitness.
    • It response for the Emergency systems.
  • Key Features:
    • Low power usage.
    • Short-range transmission.
    • Real-time data communication.
    • High reliability and minimal latency.
  1. Install NS2
  1. Download the NS2 from the NS2 official website.
  2. Install the Linux-based environment for compatibility.
  3. Validate the installation through processing the sample scripts.
  1. Define WBAN Simulation Objectives
  • Network Topology:
    • Human body placed the sensor.
    • The central coordinator such as sink node or hub.
  • Metrics:
    • Packet delivery ratio.
    • Energy consumption.
    • Delay.
  • Protocols:
    • Use the previous protocols such as IEEE 802.15.4 or alter the protocols for WBANs.
  1. Configure WBAN Environment

We component the WBANs in NS2:

  1. Wireless Communication: Setting the wireless environment using NS2’s wireless components.
  2. Mobility: Replicate the limited movements for sample arm swing or walking.
  3. Energy Model: The NS2’s energy model uses the replication of low-power sensor nodes.
  1. Write TCL Script for WBAN

Step 1: Define Simulation Parameters

Set up basic parameters:

set ns [new Simulator]

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel

set val(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround

set val(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy

set val(mac)    Mac/802_11

set val(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue

set val(ll)     LL

set val(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna

set val(x)      100   ;# X-dimension of topology

set val(y)      100   ;# Y-dimension of topology

set val(energy) 5.0   ;# Initial energy in Joules

Step 2: Create Nodes

Describe the sensor nodes and a sink node:

# Create Sensor Nodes

set node_(0) [$ns node]

$node_(0) set X_ 20

$node_(0) set Y_ 50

$node_(0) add-energy-model $val(energy)

# Create Sink Node

set sink [$ns node]

$sink set X_ 50

$sink set Y_ 5

Step 3: Configure Traffic

The sink and configure the congestion among sensor nodes:

# Attach UDP agents

set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node_(0) $udp0

set sink_agent [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $sink $sink_agent

$ns connect $udp0 $sink_agent

# Add CBR traffic

set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr attach-agent $udp0

$cbr set packetSize_ 512

$cbr set rate_ 100Kb

Step 4: Simulate Movement

Replicate the limited node mobility such as hand movement:

$ns at 1.0 “$node_(0) setdest 25 50 2.0” ;# Move to (25,50) at 2 m/s

$ns at 3.0 “$node_(0) setdest 20 50 1.0” ;# Move back to (20,50)

Step 5: Energy Model

Track the node energy levels through transmission:

proc monitor-energy {node} {

global ns

set energy [$node energy]

puts “Time: [$ns now], Node Energy: $energy”

}

$ns at 2.0 “monitor-energy $node_(0)”

  1. Run Simulation

Store the TCL script for sample wban_simulation.tcl and processing:

ns wban_simulation.tcl

  1. Analyze Results
  1. Trace File: Examine the trace file for performance parameter:
    • Delay.
    • Energy consumption.
    • Packet delivery ratio.
  2. Visualization:
    • Envision for utilized their NAM (Network Animator) to see the node behavior.
    • Example:

nam output.nam

  1. Graphical Analysis: Use tools like for examine the Xgraph or MATLAB to plot performance parameter.
  1. Extend Functionality
  • Custom Protocols:
    • Alter or build a protocol tailored for needs the WBAN.
    • For sample, energy-aware routing or priority-based scheduling.
  • Security:
    • Encode the execution for secure health data.
  • Error Handling:
    • Error corrections are replicating the packet loss.
  1. Explore Advanced WBAN Features
  • Real-time Monitoring:
    • Launch the QoS mechanisms for real-time monitoring the latency-sensitive applications.
  • Interference Modeling:
    • Replicate the interference from further wireless devices for sample Wi-Fi, Bluetooth.
  • Multi-Hop Communication:
    • Multi-hop routing is executing the forward data with intermediate nodes.
  1. Alternative Tools

If NS2 loss of sufficient WBAN structures:

  • NS3: It offers the help for improve an energy models and modern protocols.
  • OMNeT++: Stable for WBAN and IoT replication.
  • MATLAB: Exceptional for examine and designing the WBAN scenarios.

Let me know if you need help with a specific script, mobility model, or performance evaluation for WBAN projects!

Wireless Body Area Network

We comprehensively guided you to implement the Wireless Body Area Network and made you learn about its simulation with demonstration and examples using ns2 tool. Another manual will provide answers to any further queries about this project.