How to Start Biomedical Networks Projects Using NS2

To start biomedical Networks using NS2 environment that communication technology frequently utilised in healthcare like remote patient monitoring, body area networks (BANs) and sensor-based health systems. Replicate the wireless and network interaction to utilise NS2 (Network Simulator 2) for healthcare applications that concentrate on energy efficiency, reliability, and latency.

Following is a sequential method to get started :

Steps to Start Biomedical Networks Projects in NS2

  1. Understand Biomedical Networks in NS2
  • What are Biomedical Networks?
    • Networks created for sending biomedical information like fundamental signs, from sensors to processing units or healthcare suppliers.
    • General configurations such as:
      • Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs): Sensors on or over the body to interact wirelessly.
      • Remote Patient Monitoring Systems: Patient information transmitted from patients to a healthcare center.
      • IoT-based Biomedical Systems: It provides linked devices within healthcare.
  • Why NS2 for Biomedical Networks?
    • NS2 environment allows for designing the wireless communication, node mobility, and routing protocols.
    • It will need to replicate the power consumption, latency, packet loss, and reliability, which is crucial for biomedical applications.
  1. Define Your Project Goals
  • Common Objectives:
    • Replicate WBAN for distant health monitoring.
    • In biomedical networks, measure the power-efficient routing.
    • Focus on the QoS metrics like latency, packet delivery ratio, and reliability.
    • Examine the interference and their influence over biomedical data transmission.
  1. Install NS2
  • Install NS2 on Linux:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install ns2

  • Confirm installation:

ns

If % emerges then the installation is effectively functioned.

  1. Plan Your Biomedical Network Topology
  • Key Components:
    • Biomedical Sensors: Nodes to send the health information like ECG, temperature.
    • Coordinator Node: From sensors, it can combine data such as a smartphone or wearable device.
    • Healthcare Center Node: A distant server or base station to inherit the health information.
  • Example Topology:
    • Several sensors to interact with a coordinator node that sends data to a healthcare server.
  1. Create a Basic Biomedical Network Simulation

Below is an instance of Biomedical Network simulation script:

Example Script:

# Create a Simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

# Trace and NAM Files

set tracefile [open biomedical_network.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

set namfile [open biomedical_network.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $namfile

# Define Nodes

set sensor1 [$ns node]  ;# Biomedical Sensor 1

set sensor2 [$ns node]  ;# Biomedical Sensor 2

set coordinator [$ns node]  ;# Coordinator Node

set server [$ns node]  ;# Healthcare Server

# Create Links

$ns duplex-link $sensor1 $coordinator 1Mb 5ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $sensor2 $coordinator 1Mb 5ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $coordinator $server 10Mb 20ms DropTail

# Configure Traffic (Sensor Data to Coordinator)

set tcp_sensor1 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $sensor1 $tcp_sensor1

set sink_coordinator1 [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $coordinator $sink_coordinator1

$ns connect $tcp_sensor1 $sink_coordinator1

set tcp_sensor2 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $sensor2 $tcp_sensor2

set sink_coordinator2 [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $coordinator $sink_coordinator2

$ns connect $tcp_sensor2 $sink_coordinator2

# Configure Traffic (Coordinator to Server)

set tcp_coordinator [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $coordinator $tcp_coordinator

set sink_server [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $server $sink_server

$ns connect $tcp_coordinator $sink_server

# Traffic Generation

set ftp1 [new Application/FTP]

$ftp1 attach-agent $tcp_sensor1

$ftp1 start

set ftp2 [new Application/FTP]

$ftp2 attach-agent $tcp_sensor2

$ftp2 start

# End Procedure

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam biomedical_network.nam &

exit 0

}

# Schedule End of Simulation

$ns at 10.0 “finish”

# Run Simulation

$ns run

  1. Simulate Biomedical Network-Specific Features
  • Energy Efficiency:
    • Execute power-aware routing protocols for prolonging the period of network.

$sensor1 set energy_ 100

$sensor2 set energy_ 120

  • Data Aggregation:
    • Replicate the coordinator node that combining information before sending to the server.
  • QoS for Health Data:
    • Give precedence to critical packets such as emergency health alerts over typical data.
  • Mobility:
    • Integrate mobility to sensors or coordinators for replicating the wearable devices or patients:

$ns at 1.0 “$sensor1 setdest 200.0 300.0 10.0”

  1. Analyze the Results
  • Metrics to Measure:
    • Energy Consumption: We will need to examine the energy usage of sensor nodes.
    • Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): Compute the rate of packet that is effectively distributed.
    • Latency: Measure the delay within sending health information.
    • Reliability: Examine the rate of packet that is lost.
  • Trace File Analysis: Analyse the trace file (biomedical_network.tr) for performance parameters to utilise AWK or Python tools:

grep “tcp” biomedical_network.tr > analysis.txt

  • Visualization with NAM: Go to the .nam file for envisioning the interaction:

nam biomedical_network.nam

  1. Enhance the Simulation
  • Secure Communication:
    • We can replicate encryption or secure communication of biomedical information.
  • Error Detection:
    • Execute the approaches for identifying and sending again the corrupted packets for error detection.
  • Dynamic Sleep Scheduling:
    • Integrate the dynamic sleep scheduling for power utilization.
  1. Advanced Biomedical Network Project Ideas
  • IoT-enabled Healthcare Networks: Add IoT sensors including WBANs for smart healthcare systems.
  • Energy-Aware Routing Protocols: We need to equate the routing protocols such as LEACH or DEEC for biomedical networks.
  • QoS for Emergency Data: For emergency health data, we can execute the priority routing.
  • Fault Tolerance: Focus on the effect of node failures and retrieval protocols.
  • Mobility and Scalability: Mimic large-scale biomedical networks for scalability including mobile nodes.
  1. Document Your Project
  • It offers comprehensive records or documentations that contains:
    • Objectives and problem statement.
    • Network topology and simulation metrics.
    • Metrics analyzed like energy consumption, reliability.
    • Outcomes, observations, and graphs.

The simulation process for Biomedical Network projects has been successfully conducted using NS2 environment, with comprehensive details includes specific configurations, advanced features, or custom protocols to follow in next manual