How to Start Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Projects Using NS2

To stimulate the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) project in NS2 has implicates the replicate of simple transmission process used through SMTP for email communication. The SMTP is an application-layer protocol; hence we can use the tool ns2 for replicate the basic network behaviour and helps for SMTP congestion like as message delivery among the nodes

Here’s a step-by-step guide to simulate an SMTP-like network in NS2:

Steps to Start Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand SMTP
  • SMTP Basics:
    • Application-layer protocols used for transmit the emails.
    • It functions for the delivery in a reliable TCP.
    • Includes the three main entities:
      • Client: Transfer the email.
      • Mail Transfer Agent (MTA): Relays the email.
      • Recipient: The emails are received.
  • Key Components for Simulation in NS2:
    • It replicates the SMTP congestion using TCP agents.
    • Characterize the clients, servers, and intermediate MTAs by NS2 nodes.
  1. Set Up NS2
  1. Install NS2:

sudo apt-get install ns2

  1. Verify installation:

ns

If the NS2 terminals are start, we are prepared for proceed.

  1. Define the Project Scope

Decide the objectives:

  • Replicate the communication for SMTP traffic.
  • Examine the network performance metrices for sample latency, throughput for email delivery.
  • Establish the network environments for instance congestion, packet loss and estimate their effect of SMTP congestion.
  1. Create the Network Topology

Model demonstrates the SMTP communication:

  • Nodes: Node contains the sender, receiver, and optional relays (MTAs).
  • Links: Linked the nodes by suitable for bandwidth and delay settings.
  1. Write a TCL Script

Here’s a example TCL script for a basic replication of SMTP-like:

Example TCL Script:

# Create a new simulator instance

set ns [new Simulator]

# Open trace and NAM files

set tracefile [open smtp_simulation.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

set namfile [open smtp_simulation.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $namfile

# Create nodes (Client, MTA, and Receiver)

set client [$ns node]

set mta [$ns node]

set receiver [$ns node]

# Define links between nodes

$ns duplex-link $client $mta 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $mta $receiver 1Mb 10ms DropTail

# Attach TCP agents for reliable communication (SMTP uses TCP)

set tcp0 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $client $tcp0

set sink0 [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $mta $sink0

$ns connect $tcp0 $sink0

set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $mta $tcp1

set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $receiver $sink1

$ns connect $tcp1 $sink1

# Simulate email traffic as FTP over TCP

set ftp0 [new Application/FTP]

$ftp0 attach-agent $tcp0

$ftp0 set packetSize_ 512

set ftp1 [new Application/FTP]

$ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1

$ftp1 set packetSize_ 512

# Start and stop traffic

$ns at 0.5 “$ftp0 start”

$ns at 1.0 “$ftp0 stop”

$ns at 1.5 “$ftp1 start”

$ns at 2.0 “$ftp1 stop”

# End simulation

$ns at 3.0 “finish”

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam smtp_simulation.nam &

exit 0

}

$ns run

  1. Run the Simulation
  1. Store the script as smtp_simulation.tcl.
  2. Process for the replication:

ns smtp_simulation.tcl

  1. Envision for the replication using NAM:

nam smtp_simulation.nam

  1. Analyze the Output
  • Trace File Analysis: Examine the .tr file for performance parameter metrics like:
    • Packet delivery ratio.
    • Throughput.
    • Latency.

Use the tool AWK, Python, or MATLAB for handling envision.

  1. Extend the Simulation
  • Add Email Relays: It contains the further MTAs for signify a multi-hop email delivery process.
  • Network Conditions: Replicate the network congestion, packet loss, or delays:

$ns queue-limit $client $mta 10

$ns queue-limit $mta $receiver 10

  • Traffic Types: Improve the further email clients or replicate the concurrent traffic for investigate the impact of several users.
  1. Evaluate SMTP Traffic Performance

Measure:

  • Latency: It takes the duration for email delivery.
  • Throughput: Number of data transferred successfully in throughput.
  • Reliability: Effect for packet loss and retransmissions.
  1. Document Your Findings

Include:

  • It initially the document prefer the objective and methodology.
  • Then process for the network topology and setting.
  • After the process for performance of simulation metrices gives the outcomes for sample graphs, tables.
  • Finally the documents are suggested the understandings and conclusions.
  1. Optional Enhancements
  1. Compare Protocols: Replicate the different protocols for sample HTTP, FTP for email-like congestion and associate the protocol.
  2. Advanced Scenarios: Execute encode or compression for the replicated congestion.
  3. Combine with Other Protocols: Incorporate the DNS or POP3 for signify the full of email workflows.

As we discussed earlier about how the secure and simple email transfer protocol communications will perform in ns2 tool. A dedicated guide will be shared to handle further inquiries about this project.