How to Start Simple Network Protocol Projects using NS2

To create a Simple Network Protocol project in NS2 has contains generate a straightforward replication setting which establish the behaviour of simple network communication protocol. This could involve packet transmission, routing, and traffic generation over a network topology. Here’s how you can get started:

Steps to Start Simple Network Protocol Projects using NS2

  1. Understand the Scope of the Simple Network Protocol

Choose what feature of networking we need to discover:

  • Basic Packet Transmission: The packet transmission among nodes in a topology.
  • Routing Protocols: The basic routing protocols are like a static routing or distance-vector routing.
  • Traffic Patterns: Research by design for UDP, TCP, or CBR congestion.
  • Topology Analysis: It investigates the Star, mesh, or linear topology.
  1. Install and Set Up NS2
  1. Install NS2:

sudo apt-get install ns2

  1. Verify Installation: Run:

ns

If the NS2 prompt start, the installation is successful.

  1. Define the Simulation Objectives

Examples:

  • It replicates the simple data transfer among the nodes.
  • Calculate the performance of metrics such as latency, throughput, and packet loss.
  • Associate the static routing vs. dynamic routing.
  1. Create a Basic TCL Script

Here’s a sample of a simple NS2 replication for a Simple Network Protocol:

Example TCL Script:

# Create a new simulator instance

set ns [new Simulator]

# Create trace and NAM files for output

set tracefile [open simple_network.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

set namfile [open simple_network.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $namfile

# Define the network nodes

set n0 [$ns node]

set n1 [$ns node]

set n2 [$ns node]

set n3 [$ns node]

# Define duplex links between nodes with bandwidth and delay

$ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 1Mb 10ms DropTail

# Set static routing (if needed)

$ns rtproto Static

# Attach agents for data transfer

set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0

set null0 [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $n3 $null0

$ns connect $udp0 $null0

# Add a traffic generator

set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr attach-agent $udp0

$cbr set packetSize_ 512

$cbr set interval_ 0.01

# Start and stop traffic

$ns at 0.5 “$cbr start”

$ns at 4.5 “$cbr stop”

# End simulation

$ns at 5.0 “finish”

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam simple_network.nam &

exit 0

}

$ns run

  1. Run the Simulation
  1. Store the script as simple_network.tcl.
  2. Process for the replication:

ns simple_network.tcl

  1. Envision for the network behavior using NAM:

nam simple_network.nam

  1. Analyze the Output
  1. Trace File: Use the trace file such as simple_network.tr  for examine the parameter metrics:
    • Throughput.
    • Packet delivery ratio.
    • Latency.
  2. Tools:
    • Use the tool for AWK, Python, or MATLAB we process the trace files and plot results.
  1. Experiment with Advanced Features
  • Dynamic Topology Changes: Establish the connection failures or dynamic node movement:

$ns at 2.0 “$ns link-down $n1 $n2”

$ns at 3.0 “$ns link-up $n1 $n2”

  • Routing Protocols: Exchange the fixed routing by AODV, DSR, or other protocols:

$ns rtproto DV

  • Traffic Patterns: Improve the numerous traffic sources for instance FTP, HTTP.
  1. Enhance the Script
  • Wireless Networks: We can setting the wireless communication:

$ns node-config -adhocRouting AODV -llType LL -macType Mac/802_11 \

-ifqType Queue/DropTail/PriQueue -ifqLen 50 \

-antType Antenna/OmniAntenna -propType Propagation/TwoRayGround

  • Performance Analysis: Enhance the changing packet sizes, delays, and bandwidths.
  1. Evaluate Results

Key metrics to analyze:

  • Packet Delivery Ratio: Ratio of packets is successfully delivered in PDR.
  • Latency: Average delay for the packets.
  • Throughput: The number of data for throughput in successfully transferred.
  1. Document Your Findings

Include:

  • Objective: What is the replication of document aims for achieved.
  • Methodology: Next process based the aim for specific network topology, traffic, and protocols used.
  • Results: After above the process gives the performance based on the parameter metrices such as Graphs and metrics.
  • Insights: The document has finally contributes the explanation and conclusions.

We had gathered the information, you can explore Simple network protocol projects which will be simulated and evaluated in the ns2 environment. If needed, we will deliver the detailed structured entire execution process in another manual