How to Start Vehicular NDN Projects Using NS3

To start the Vehicular Named Data Networking (V-NDN) using NS3, it integrates the Named Data Networking (NDN) principles along with vehicular networks to assist the effective data sharing and content retrieval between the vehicles. For applications such as traffic updates, emergency alerts, and media sharing, V-NDN can be utilized to intelligent transportation systems like vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) interaction. This guide will instruct you on how to start a V-NDN project using NS3.

Steps to Start Vehicular NDN Projects in NS3

Step 1: Set Up NS3 with NDN Support

  1. Download and Install NS3:
    • From the official website, we can download NS3 and adhere to the installation guidelines.
  2. Install the NDN Module:
    • In NS-3, NDN-SIM module particularly crated for NDN that is necessary for replicating NDN-based networks.
    • We adhere to the installation guidelines on the NDN-SIM website, and combine it including the NS3 installation. NDN-SIM offers necessary NDN functionality such as Interest and Data packet handling, caching, and forwarding approaches.

Step 2: Understand V-NDN Components

  1. Named Data Networking Basics:
    • NDN substitutes traditional IP-based addressing including the content names. In NDN ,primary packet types are:
      • Interest Packets: Demands for certain data identified using a unique name.
      • Data Packets: Replies to include the requested data, named within the similar way like the Interest packet.
    • Crucial modules contain Forwarding Information Base (FIB) for routing, Content Store (CS) for caching and Pending Interest Table (PIT) for monitoring Interest packets until Data responses in NDN.
  2. Vehicular Network Requirements:
    • Mobility and Dynamic Topology: Vehicles are highly moveable, and network topology modifies constantly.
    • Low Latency: Periodically data delivery is necessary for applications such as safety alerts and traffic updates.
    • Data Caching: In neighbouring vehicles, caching data or infrastructure can enhance the response times and then minimize network load.

Step 3: Define V-NDN Project Objectives

  1. Set Key Goals:
    • For V-NDN projects, a few general goals contain:
      • Efficient Data Dissemination: Allow the rapid and reliable data sharing among the vehicles.
      • Optimized Caching: Enhance the performance via strategic caching policies.
      • Adaptive Forwarding Strategies: It executes the strategies, which adjust to vehicular network dynamics.
  2. Identify Performance Metrics:
    • Select performance parameters like data retrieval latency, cache hit ratio, packet delivery ratio, throughput, and routing overhead.

Step 4: Set Up the Network Topology and Mobility Models

  1. Define Vehicular Nodes:
    • Configure nodes signifying vehicles and roadside infrastructure as required in NS3. Allow NDN functionality on these nodes utilizing NDN-SIM.
  2. Configure Mobility Models:
    • Replicate vehicle movement to utilize NS3’s mobility models. General options contain:
      • Constant Velocity Mobility Model: For vehicles travelling on a constant speed with a straight path.
      • GaussMarkov Mobility Model: This model utilized for more realistic vehicular movement along with variable speed and direction.
    • On the other hand, deliberate to utilize an external mobility model or traffic simulator such as SUMO, for complex and realistic vehicular movement that can incorporate including NS3.
  3. Set Up Communication Links:
    • Set up Wi-Fi (ad-hoc mode) or LTE according to the needs of the project for V2V and V2I interaction.

Step 5: Implement NDN-Specific Functionality for Vehicular Networks

  1. Interest and Data Packet Management:
    • Make applications on vehicle nodes, for diverse kinds of data like traffic data, maps, or safety alerts, which create Interest packets.
    • Once they contain cached the requested data, then set up vehicles replying with Data packets.
  2. Data Caching:
    • Execute the caching on each node (vehicle) to utilize NDN-SIM’s caching capabilities. We can tailor the cache replacement policy such as Least Recently Used, Least Frequently Used to experiment diverse caching strategies.
    • Test with in-network caching (caching data within nearby vehicles) to enhance the data availability and minimizing retrieval time.
  3. Adaptive Forwarding Strategies:
    • In a mobile environment, execute the forwarding strategies managing Interest packet routing. For instance:
      • Flooding-Based Forwarding: Vehicles transmit Interest packets to every neighbor that can enhance the content reachability however need to enhance the overhead.
      • Geographic-Based Forwarding: Depends on the geographic position, send Interest packets to limit the forwarding to neighbouring nodes.
    • Modify or make new forwarding strategies in the NDN-SIM rely on vehicular movement and network conditions enhancing data dissemination.

Step 6: Run Different Simulation Scenarios

  1. Define Testing Scenarios:
    • Experiment diverse situations to estimate the V-NDN configuration like:
      • High Mobility: Replicate the high-speed vehicle movement and then we monitor the impact on data delivery and routing.
      • Varying Cache Sizes: Modify cache sizes on vehicles measuring the influence over cache hit ratios and recovery latency.
      • Dense and Sparse Traffic: Replicate diverse vehicle densities estimating the scalability of the sending and caching strategies.
  2. Set Up Traffic Patterns:
    • Set up diverse kinds of applications such as periodic updates, on-demand data requests on vehicular nodes replicating the real-world V-NDN usage situations.

Step 7: Collect and Analyze Performance Metrics

  1. Gather Data:
    • Accumulate information on parameters such as latency, throughput, packet delivery ratio, cache hit ratio, and data retrieval success rate utilizing NS3 and NDN-SIM’s tracing and logging tools.
  2. Evaluate Performance:
    • Equate performance parameters through diverse situations measuring the effectiveness of the caching, sending, and routing strategies.
    • Examine the effect of diverse factors like vehicle speed, network density, and cache size, on overall performance.

Step 8: Optimize and Experiment Further

  1. Optimize Forwarding and Caching Policies:
    • Test with diverse caching policies such as collaborative caching among vehicles and forwarding strategies like predictive forwarding according to the movement patterns.
  2. Implement Advanced V-NDN Features:
    • We can try to execute the advance aspects of V-NDN:
      • Content Prioritization: Give precedence to particular kinds of data, such as safety alerts, making sure low-latency delivery.
      • Machine Learning for Adaptive Forwarding: We need to forecast vehicle movement patterns utilizing machine learning and then enhance the forwarding exactness.
      • Interest Aggregation: Combine same Interest requests minimizing redundant transmissions.
  3. Integrate with Other Systems (Optional):
    • Incorporate NS3 along with SUMO for in-depth vehicular mobility, or test with hybrid architectures in which V-NDN nodes interact with fixed NDN infrastructure like road-side units for enhanced realism.

In this setup, we clearly demonstrated the step by step procedures to completely start and analyse the Vehicular NDN Projects using NS3 environment. We plan to deliver more information on this subject as per your needs.

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