How to Start L3 Protocols Projects Using NS3

To start Layer 3 (L3) protocol projects using NS3 that concentrates on the network layer protocols which is responsible for routing, addressing, and packet forwarding. These contain some protocols such as IPv4, IPv6, OSPF, BGP, RIP, and custom routing protocols. Here’s an ordered instruction to help start the L3 Protocol Projects using NS3:

Steps to Start L3 Protocols Projects in NS3

  1. Understand Layer 3 Protocols
  • Role of L3 in Networking:
    • It offers logical addressing such as IP addresses.
    • Manages packet routing and forwarding.
    • It uses path determination and packet fragmentation.
  • Examples of Layer 3 protocols:
    • Standard protocols: IPv4, IPv6, OSPF, RIP, BGP are the standard protocols.
    • Custom protocols: Optimized routing algorithms and multipath routing.
  1. Set Up NS3
  • Install NS3:
    • Go to official NS3 webpage to download and install the NS3.
    • We adhere to the installation guides.
  • Verify installation:

./waf –run scratch/test-example

  • Key modules for L3:
    • internet-module: It supports for IPv4, IPv6, and basic routing.
    • nix-vector-routing: For alternative routing mechanisms.
    • traffic-control: For congestion control.
  1. Plan Your Project
  • Define the L3 protocol: We discover the protocol we need to learn or execute it.
    • For instance: OSPF, RIP, custom routing algorithm.
  • Objective:
    • We need to measure the performance parameters such as latency, throughput.
    • Compute the performance behaviour in various network conditions like congestion, topology changes.
    • Energy efficiency for wireless networks.
  • Simulation topology:
    • Volume of nodes, links, and its set up like wired and wireless networks.
  • Metrics to measure:
    • Now, we calculate the performance metrics such as packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, routing overhead, energy consumption.
  1. Write the Simulation Code
  • Simplified L3 routing simulation script and prolong it.
  • Example Script: IPv4 Routing Setup

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(4);

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

// Create point-to-point links

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer d1 = p2p.Install(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));

NetDeviceContainer d2 = p2p.Install(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));

NetDeviceContainer d3 = p2p.Install(nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3));

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(d1);

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(d2);

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(d3);

// Create a UDP Echo Server on the last node

uint16_t port = 9; // Discard port

UdpEchoServerHelper server(port);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = server.Install(nodes.Get(3));

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Create a UDP Echo Client on the first node

UdpEchoClientHelper client(Ipv4Address(“10.1.3.1”), port);

client.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(5));

client.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

client.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = client.Install(nodes.Get(0));

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Enable pcap tracing

p2p.EnablePcapAll(“l3-routing”);

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

  1. Add L3 Protocol-Specific Logic
  • Custom Routing Protocols:
    • We can prolong the Ipv4RoutingProtocol or Ipv6RoutingProtocol.
    • Execute custom route discovery, maintenance, and packet forwarding logic.
  • Use Existing Protocols:
    • OSPF, RIP, or static routing offered by NS3 environment.
    • Example: Insert OSPF routing:

OspfRoutingHelper ospf;

stack.SetRoutingHelper(ospf);

  1. Test and Debug
  • Enable logging:
    • To utilize NS3’s logging system for debugging routing protocols.

export NS_LOG=Ipv4RoutingProtocol=level_all

./waf –run scratch/l3-routing

  • Verify packet flows:
    • For analysis, we utilize pcap files or FlowMonitor.
  1. Performance Metrics and Analysis
  • Estimate the performance indicators to utilize NS3 tools:
    • FlowMonitor: For throughput, latency and packet los, FlowMonitor is utilized.
    • Custom tracing: Monitor the packet forwarding and routing table changes to utilize callbacks.
    • Energy consumption: If replicating the wireless nodes.
  1. Extend the Simulation
  • Scalability testing: Maximize the volume of nodes and links.
  • Dynamic scenarios: We launch mobility or link failures.
  • Advanced features:
    • Multipath routing.
    • Load balancing.
    • Security like encrypt L3 packets.

Tools for Visualization and Analysis

  • NetAnim: Envision node communication and traffic to utilize NetAnim tool.
  • FlowMonitor: Measure the traffic parameters by using this tool.
  • Wireshark (via pcap): Estimate the captured packets.

Throughout this structure and complete guide, you can capable to know the concepts and to start and analyse the Layer3 Protocols Projects in NS3 tool. We plan to deliver more information and extension of this project if required.

When embarking on an L3 Protocols Project with the NS3 tool, rely on the expertise of the phdprojects.org team to support you at every phase. Enjoy personalized assistance from us, ensuring top-notch project outcomes and timely delivery. We focus on IPv4, IPv6, OSPF, BGP, RIP, and custom routing protocols designed specifically for your research requirements. Our systematic approach guarantees that you receive straightforward explanations throughout the entire process. Choose the ideal topic from our researchers and achieve excellent grades.