How to Start Data Link Layer Projects Using NS3

To start Data Link Layer (DLL) using NS3 that handles the reliable data transfer, error detection, and flow control within a network. It contains protocols like Ethernet, WiFi, and LTE MAC layers. These projects frequently concentrate on Medium Access Control (MAC), link-layer framing, or error handling. Below is a structured guide to get started:

Steps to Start Data Link Layer Projects in NS3

1. Understand Data Link Layer Projects

• Important aspects to discover in DLL:
  • Medium Access Control (MAC):
    • Contention-based like CSMA/CA for WiFi.
    • Scheduled TDMA for LTE.
  • Framing and Error Detection:
    • CRC-based error detection.
  • Flow Control and Retransmissions:
    • Stop-and-Wait ARQ, Go-Back-N ARQ.
  • Channel Access Mechanisms:
    • CSMA, TDMA, polling, and so on.
• Applications:
  • It helps to enhance the WiFi/LTE MAC protocols.
  • Focus on collision rates within shared media.
  • To replicate link-layer retransmissions and error handling.

2. Set Up NS3

1. Install NS3:

sudo apt update

sudo apt install g++ python3 git cmake

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./waf configure

./waf build

1. Verify Installation:

./waf –run scratch/my-first

3. Plan Your Data Link Layer Project

1. Choose a Protocol:
   • We can select the protocols like WiFi (802.11), Ethernet, LTE, or a custom MAC protocol.
2. Define Objectives:
   • Focus on channel access, collisions, or error recovery.
3. Set Metrics:
   • Describe the performance parameters such as throughput, collision rate, retransmission attempts, and latency.

4. Example: WiFi MAC Layer Simulation

Here’s an example illustrates a WiFi network simulation to concentrate on MAC-layer performance.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main() {

// Enable logging

LogComponentEnable(“WifiMacExample”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer wifiStaNodes;

wifiStaNodes.Create(2); // Two stations

NodeContainer wifiApNode;

wifiApNode.Create(1); // One access point

// Configure PHY and MAC

YansWifiChannelHelper channel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

YansWifiPhyHelper phy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

phy.SetChannel(channel.Create());

WifiHelper wifi;

wifi.SetRemoteStationManager(“ns3::AarfWifiManager”); // Adaptive rate control

// Configure MAC for stations

WifiMacHelper mac;

Ssid ssid = Ssid(“ns3-wifi”);

mac.SetType(“ns3::StaWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue(ssid));

NetDeviceContainer staDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, wifiStaNodes);

// Configure MAC for AP

mac.SetType(“ns3::ApWifiMac”, “Ssid”, SsidValue(ssid));

NetDeviceContainer apDevices = wifi.Install(phy, mac, wifiApNode);

// Set mobility

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(5.0),

“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(5.0),

“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(3),

“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(wifiStaNodes);

mobility.Install(wifiApNode);

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(wifiStaNodes);

stack.Install(wifiApNode);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“192.168.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

address.Assign(staDevices);

address.Assign(apDevices);

// Create traffic

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install(wifiApNode.Get(0));

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(Ipv4Address(“192.168.1.1”), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(5));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install(wifiStaNodes.Get(0));

clientApp.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Run simulation

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

5. Customizing DLL Behavior

Collision Detection and Handling

We need to alter the WiFi MAC to replicate and examine the collision rates:

mac.SetType(“ns3::AdhocWifiMac”);

phy.EnablePcap(“wifi-mac-collision”, staDevices.Get(0));

Custom MAC Protocol

We can prolong ns3::WifiMac executing the custom channel access mechanisms or frame-handling logic:

class CustomMac : public WifiMac {

// Custom logic for channel access or retransmissions

};

6. Advanced Features

Allow CSMA/CA

Replicate the CSMA/CA to focus on contention-based access:

CsmaHelper csma;

csma.SetChannelAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“100Mbps”));

csma.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, TimeValue(NanoSeconds(6560)));

Enable TDMA

We want to execute the TDMA by scheduling transmissions within predefined time slots:

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(slotStartTime), &SendPacket, node);

7. Testing and Debugging

1. Allow Logging to experiment and debug:

NS_LOG=”WifiMacExample” ./waf –run wifi-mac

1. Analyze Traffic: Seize packets to utilize .pcap tracing:

phy.EnablePcap(“wifi-mac”, staDevices.Get(0));

1. Visualize Simulation: We need to envision the node communications using NetAnim.

In this setup, we collect the innovative information and basic approach regarding the Data Link Layer Projects, which were simulated and analysed using NS3 environment. We plan to share the more data regarding this process in further setup.

To successfully execute projects at the Data Link Layer, it is essential to possess the requisite skills. Experts at phdprojects.org will provide you with comprehensive ideas and well-aligned topics that are sure to engage readers. Please contact us for further guidance. We focus on performance parameters tailored to your specific needs, including Medium Access Control (MAC), link-layer framing, and error handling.