How to Start Teardrop Attack Projects Using NS3

To Simulate a Teardrop attack in NS-3 has includes a creating the network scenario in which an attacker transfers the malformed IP fragments by overlapping offsets, exploiting vulnerabilities in the important system’s reassembly process. The Main focus of the attack is to crash or destabilize the sensitive system.

Here’s how to simulate a teardrop attack in NS-3:

Steps to Start Teardrop Attack Projects Using NS3

  1. Set Up NS-3
  • Install and build NS-3:

./waf configure

./waf build

  • Verify the installation:

./waf –run hello-simulator

  1. Understand Teardrop Attacks
  • Mechanism:
    • The Malformed IP fragments through overlapping offsets are transfer to the goal.
    • The important system misunderstands the offsets during reassembly and potentially leading to crashes or resource exhaustion.
  • Vulnerable Systems:
    • Archaic or unpatched systems are further susceptible to this attack.
  1. Define the Network Topology
  • Build a network with:
  1. Set Up NS-3
  • Install NS-3 if not already installed:

./waf configure

./waf build

  • Verify the installation:

./waf –run hello-simulator

  1. Understand the Teardrop Attack
  • Mechanism:
    • Deformed the IP fragments through overlapping or inconsistent equalises complicate the goal system’s reassembly logic.
  • Impact:
    • Vulnerable systems could be crash or exhaust resources.
  • Target:
    • Archaic systems or applications by out-of-date through IP stack implementations.
  1. Define the Network Topology
  • Configure a General topology by:
    • Target Node: The target node can be victim system.
    • Attacker Node: Attacker noes transfer the malformed packets.
  • Sample Topology:

NodeContainer attackerNode, targetNode;

attackerNode.Create(1);  // One attacker

targetNode.Create(1);    // One target

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“100Mbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

 

// Connect nodes

NetDeviceContainer devices = p2p.Install(NodeContainer(attackerNode.Get(0), targetNode.Get(0)));

  1. Assign IP Addresses
  • Install the Internet stack and assign IP addresses.

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(attackerNode);

stack.Install(targetNode);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

address.Assign(devices);

  1. Simulate Legitimate Communication (Optional)
  • Enhance the legitimate traffic for contrast.
  • Sample: UDP Echo traffic among attacker and target:

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install(targetNode.Get(0));

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.2”), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(50));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(0.1)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(512));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install(attackerNode.Get(0));

clientApp.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

  1. Simulate the Teardrop Attack

6.1 Generate Malformed Fragments

  • The attacker transfer their IP fragments with overlapping or inconsistent offsets.

void TeardropAttack(Ptr<Node> attacker, Ipv4Address targetAddress, uint16_t port) {

Ptr<Socket> socket = Socket::CreateSocket(attacker, TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::Ipv4RawSocketFactory”));

InetSocketAddress remote = InetSocketAddress(targetAddress, port);

socket->Connect(remote);

for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {  // Send 3 malformed fragments

Ptr<Packet> fragment = Create<Packet>(512);  // Fragment payload size

Ipv4Header ipv4Header;

if (i == 1) {

ipv4Header.SetFragmentOffset(300);  // Overlapping offset

} else {

ipv4Header.SetFragmentOffset(i * 512);

}

ipv4Header.SetIdentification(1);

ipv4Header.SetFlags(Ipv4Header::MF);  // More fragments flag

fragment->AddHeader(ipv4Header);

socket->Send(fragment);

}

}

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(3.0), &TeardropAttack, attackerNode.Get(0), Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.2”), 9);

6.2 Overlapping Fragments

  • Enable at least one fragment overlaps through another we replicate the attack:

ipv4Header.SetFragmentOffset(400);  // Overlaps with the previous fragment

6.3 Test Large Numbers of Fragments

  • Replicate the buffer exhaustion through excessive fragments:

for (int i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) {  // Flood the target with fragments

Ptr<Packet> fragment = Create<Packet>(512);

Ipv4Header ipv4Header;

ipv4Header.SetFragmentOffset(i * 512);

ipv4Header.SetIdentification(1);

ipv4Header.SetFlags(Ipv4Header::MF);

fragment->AddHeader(ipv4Header);

socket->Send(fragment);

}

Using Ns3, we performed a complete Teardrop attack project study through given simulation process. We will also deliver further additional details about this attacks in another manual. To initiate Teardrop Attack Projects utilizing NS3, phdprojects.org provides customized support that you can depend on at any time. Our expertise encompasses signaling protocols and network configurations tailored to your research requirements. We offer comprehensive, step-by-step guidance for your research endeavors, ensuring you have access to the most innovative and relevant topics.