How to Start LEACH Routing Projects using OMNeT++

To create a LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) routing project in OMNeT++ has includes the execution for energy-efficient clustering and routing mechanisms for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). LEACH decreases the energy usage through dynamically forming clusters and rotating the role of the cluster head (CH) between the nodes. Drop us a message to get tailored research guidance , we will give you immediate guidance.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started:

Steps to Start LEACH Routing Projects using OMNeT++

  1. Set Up the Environment

Install OMNeT++

  • Download OMNeT++ from the official website.
  • Observe the installation procedures and validate the setting by sample projects.

Install INET or Castalia Framework

  • INET Framework: The general-purpose network for replication the framework.
  • Castalia Framework: Intended for WSNs and low-power networks. It is further appropriate for LEACH execution.

make clean

make

  1. Understand LEACH Protocol

Key Features of LEACH

  • Clustering:
    • Nodes are grouped into clusters, through one node and select as the cluster head (CH).
    • Cluster members transfer the data for CH.
  • Cluster Head Rotation:
    • The role of CH is rotated periodically to allocate energy usage.
  • Data Aggregation:
    • CHs collect the data from cluster members and transfer to the base station (BS).

Simulation Objectives

  • Estimate the parameter such as energy efficiency, network lifetime, and data throughput.
  1. Plan the Simulation

Define the Network

  • Topology: Dwelling the nodes in a grid, random, or uniform distribution.
  • Node Types:
    • Sensor nodes.
    • Base station.

Traffic

  • Nodes are creating a periodic sensing data we transfer the base station.
  1. Set Up the Project
  1. Open OMNeT++ IDE.
  2. Go to File > New > OMNeT++ Project.
  3. Name the project for sample LEACHRouting and click Finish.
  1. Implement LEACH Protocol

Node Model

  • Encompass the essential node class for sample from Castalia or INET we execute the LEACH-specific behaviour.
  • Define the following:
    • Cluster Formation: Nodes are design the CHs according to probability.
    • Data Communication:
      • Non-CH nodes transfer the data in the CH.
      • CHs forward the collection of data to the base station.

LEACH Logic

  1. Cluster Head Election:

if (random() < threshold) {

isClusterHead = true;

}

    • Threshold Calculation:

double threshold = (p / (1 – p * (r % (1 / p)))) * isEligibleNode();

  1. Cluster Formation:
    • CHs broadcast an commercial message.
    • Non-CH nodes select the nearest CH according to the signal strength.
  2. Data Aggregation:
    • CHs collect the data received from member nodes and transfer the base station.
  1. Define Network Topology

Create a .ned File

  • Describe the network architecture.
  • Example:

network LeachNetwork

{

submodules:

sensorNodes[100]: SensorNode {

parameters:

energyModel = “BatteryModel”;

mobilityModel = “StaticMobility”;

}

baseStation: BaseStation {

parameters:

@display(“i=device/base”);

}

}

  1. Configure the Simulation

Add Parameters in omnetpp.ini

  • Setting the initial energy levels, transmission power, and clustering interval.
  • Example:

[Config LeachSimulation]

network = LeachNetwork

**.sensorNodes[*].initialEnergy = 10J

**.sensorNodes[*].transmitPower = 0.1W

**.clusteringInterval = 10s

  1. Run the Simulation
  • Used the Tkenv or Cmdenv in OMNeT++ we replicate the network.
  • Observe:
    • Cluster formation and rotation.
    • Energy usage models.
    • Data flow for the base station.
  1. Analyze Results

Performance Metrics

  • Energy Efficiency:
    • Monitor the energy levels for the nodes over time.
  • Network Lifetime:
    • Calculate the time up until the first node dies.
  • Data Throughput:
    • Amount the packets successfully distributed to the base station.

Visualization

  • Used the OMNeT++’s logging and visualization tools.
  • Distribute the outcomes for tools such as MATLAB or Python for further analysis.
  1. Extend and Optimize

Enhance LEACH

  • Implement multi-hop LEACH: CHs used middle for the nodes we transmit the data to the base station.
  • Add QoS metrics: Deliberate the metrices for latency, reliability, and fairness.

Compare with Other Protocols

  • Replicate and combined the LEACH by protocols such as PEGASIS or TEEN.

The entire document has included the routing protocol and cluster head between the nodes in a LEACH routing protocol and offers the simulation process for the implementation using an OMNeT++ environment. We will provide the response to your queries in another project document.