How to Start Non Adaptive Routing Projects Using OMNeT++

To start a Non-Adaptive Routing project using OMNeT++ that encompasses to create or replicate the routing mechanisms in which routes are predetermined and endure the static regardless of changes within the network like traffic load, failures, or congestion. Below is a series of steps to make and simulate a Non-Adaptive Routing project in OMNeT++.

Steps to Start Non Adaptive Routing Projects in OMNeT++

  1. Understand Non-Adaptive Routing

Key Characteristics

  • Static Routes: Routing tables are set up in the beginning simulation and do not modify it.
  • No Adaptability: This protocol doesn’t react to network modifications such as congestion or failures.
  • Low Overhead: No control messages are swapped for modernizing routes, minimizing computational and communication costs.

Applications

  • Networks in which low computational overhead is crucial.
  • It utilised for small and stable networks.
  1. Set Up the Environment

Install OMNeT++

  1. We should download and install OMNeT++ on the system.
  2. Confirm the installation by executing a sample project.

Install INET Framework

  1. We need to install the INET framework with OMNeT++ version.
  2. Construct the INET framework using below code:

make makefiles

make

INET framework has essential modules and utilities for network simulation with routing.

  1. Plan the Simulation

Define Objectives

  • In the network, we execute the static routes for every node.
  • Replicate the data packet flow by predefined paths.
  • Measure the performance parameters such as delivery ratio and path efficiency.

Network Topology

  • Make use of a small, fixed topology such as ring, tree, or grid.
  • Allocate fixed costs or paths among the nodes.
  1. Create a New OMNeT++ Project
  1. Go to OMNeT++ IDE.
  2. Select File > New > OMNeT++ Project.
  3. Name it to the project as NonAdaptiveRouting and choose Finish.
  1. Implement Static Routing

Option 1: Use INET’s Static Routing

INET framework has support for static routing that can be set up using.ini files. We can define the static routes within configuration file.

Option 2: Create a Custom Static Routing Module

Also, we can be executed a custom module for static routing logic.

Example: Static Routing Logic

#include <omnetpp.h>

#include <map>

using namespace omnetpp;

class NonAdaptiveRouting : public cSimpleModule {

private:

std::map<int, int> routingTable; // Destination to next-hop mapping

protected:

virtual void initialize() override {

int nodeId = getId();

// Define static routing table

if (nodeId == 0) {

routingTable[1] = 1; // Route to node 1 via link 1

routingTable[2] = 1; // Route to node 2 via node 1

} else if (nodeId == 1) {

routingTable[0] = 0; // Route to node 0 via link 0

routingTable[2] = 2; // Route to node 2 via link 2

} else if (nodeId == 2) {

routingTable[0] = 1; // Route to node 0 via node 1

routingTable[1] = 1; // Route to node 1 via link 1

}

}

virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override {

auto packet = check_and_cast<cMessage *>(msg);

int dest = packet->par(“dest”); // Destination node ID

// Forward the packet based on static routing table

if (routingTable.find(dest) != routingTable.end()) {

int nextHop = routingTable[dest];

send(packet, “out”, nextHop);

} else {

EV << “No route to destination. Dropping packet.\n”;

delete packet;

}

}

};

Define_Module(NonAdaptiveRouting);

  1. Define Network Topology

Create a .ned File

We make the network and connections among the nodes using .ned file:

network StaticNetwork {

submodules:

node[3]: StandardHost {

parameters:

@display(“i=device/router”);

routingProtocol = “NonAdaptiveRouting”;

}

connections:

node[0].pppg++ <–> { delay = 10ms; datarate = 1Gbps; } <–> node[1].pppg++;

node[1].pppg++ <–> { delay = 10ms; datarate = 1Gbps; } <–> node[2].pppg++;

node[2].pppg++ <–> { delay = 15ms; datarate = 1Gbps; } <–> node[0].pppg++;

}

  1. Configure Simulation Parameters

Edit omnetpp.ini

Set the simulation metrics and static routes using .ini files:

[Config StaticRoutingSimulation]

network = StaticNetwork

**.node[0].routingTable = “1:1, 2:1”  # Route to node 1 via link 1, node 2 via link 1

**.node[1].routingTable = “0:0, 2:2”  # Route to node 0 via link 0, node 2 via link 2

**.node[2].routingTable = “0:1, 1:1”  # Route to node 0 via link 1, node 1 via link 1

simulation.timeLimit = 100s

  1. Run the Simulation
  1. Make use of Tkenv (GUI) or Cmdenv (command line), introduce the simulation.
  2. Monitor the following:
    • Packets being sent by predefined routes.
    • Packet delivery to destinations.
  1. Analyze Results

Metrics to Evaluate

  • Delivery Ratio:
    • We estimate the rate of packets that are effectively distributed to the destination.
  • Path Optimality:
    • We need to equate the predefined paths including theoretically shortest paths.
  • Routing Overhead:
    • Estimate the computational and interaction costs that are minimal for non-adaptive routing.

Visualization

  • Monitor packet flows and routing decisions to utilise the OMNeT++ tools for visualization.
  • Transfer information into external tools like MATLAB or Python for advanced analysis.
  1. Extend and Optimize

Dynamic Scenarios

  • Experiment the protocol in dynamic conditions:
    • Link or node failures.
    • Mobility (if applicable).

Comparison with Adaptive Routing

  • We have to equate the static routing including adaptive protocols such as OSPF or AODV to emphasize trade-offs within performance and overhead.

Optimization

  • We execute the failover routes for managing unexpected link failures.
  • Enhance the static routing decisions to utilise link parameters such as delay or bandwidth.

Through this instruction manual, you can get more idea and the way how to execute and simulate the Non-Adaptive Routing projects and how to analyse and visualize it using OMNeT++ simulation tools. For any further queries, we will explore them in a separate guide.

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