How to Calculate Communication Links Quality in ns3

To calculate communication link quality in ns3, we need to incorporate several metrics, including packet delivery ratio (PDR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), and other factors. All the metrics on communication link quality in ns3simulation are worked by us.

Here is a rapid guide to calculate and monitor communication link quality in ns3.

Steps for calculation

  1. Set up network topology :
  • create the nodes, network devices, and connections between them.

.

  1. Install applications :
  • On the nodes, install relevant applications to generate and receive traffic.

 

  1. Generate traffic :
  • To generate traffic, use traffic generation applications like OnOffApplication or BulkSendApplication.

 

  1. Capture Packet Transmission and Reception:
  • To log packet transmission and reception events, use packet trace functions.
  1. Calculate link quality metrics :
  • Calculate metrics such as Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), and Bit Error Rate (BER).

Example for calculating communication links quality in ns3

Here is the example for the calculation of communication links quality:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE (“LinkQualityExample”);

uint32_t packetsSent = 0;

uint32_t packetsReceived = 0;

double snrSum = 0.0;

uint32_t snrCount = 0;

void

PacketSentCallback (Ptr<const Packet> packet)

{

packetsSent++;

}

void

PacketReceivedCallback (Ptr<const Packet> packet, const Address &address)

{

packetsReceived++;

}

void

SnrCallback (std::string context, Ptr<const Packet> packet, double snr)

{

snrSum += snr;

snrCount++;

}

int

main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

Time::SetResolution (Time::NS);

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create (2);

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute (“DataRate”, StringValue (“5Mbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute (“Delay”, StringValue (“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices;

devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes);

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install (nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase (“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

uint16_t port = 9;  // Discard port (RFC 863)

// Create a packet sink to receive packets on node 1

PacketSinkHelper packetSinkHelper (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), port));

ApplicationContainer sinkApps = packetSinkHelper.Install (nodes.Get (1));

sinkApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

sinkApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

// Create a socket to send packets from node 0

Ptr<Socket> source = Socket::CreateSocket (nodes.Get (0), UdpSocketFactory::GetTypeId ());

InetSocketAddress remote = InetSocketAddress (interfaces.GetAddress (1), port);

source->Connect (remote);

// Trace packet sent and received events

source->TraceConnectWithoutContext (“Tx”, MakeCallback (&PacketSentCallback));

Config::ConnectWithoutContext (“/NodeList/1/ApplicationList/*/$ns3::PacketSink/Rx”, MakeCallback (&PacketReceivedCallback));

// Generate traffic

OnOffHelper onOffHelper (“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, remote);

onOffHelper.SetAttribute (“OnTime”, StringValue (“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1]”));

onOffHelper.SetAttribute (“OffTime”, StringValue (“ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=0]”));

onOffHelper.SetAttribute (“DataRate”, DataRateValue (DataRate (“50kbps”)));

onOffHelper.SetAttribute (“PacketSize”, UintegerValue (1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = onOffHelper.Install (nodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (9.0));

// Connect to SNR trace

Config::Connect (“/NodeList/*/DeviceList/*/Phy/MonitorSnr”, MakeCallback (&SnrCallback));

Simulator::Run ();

Simulator::Destroy ();

double pdr = (packetsReceived / static_cast<double>(packetsSent)) * 100;

double averageSnr = snrCount > 0 ? snrSum / snrCount : 0.0;

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Packets Sent: ” << packetsSent);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Packets Received: ” << packetsReceived);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): ” << pdr << ” %”);

NS_LOG_UNCOND (“Average SNR: ” << averageSnr << ” dB”);

return 0;

}

Explanation

  1. Network topology setup :

Two nodes are created. Those nodes are connected using a point-to-point link.

  1. Application setup :

On server node, PacketSink is installed. and On client node, a Socket is created.

  1. Traffic generation :

From the client node, schedule the sending of packets. Capture the send time of the request packet.

  1. Trace callbacks :
    • To log the number of packets sent, PacketSentCallback is used.
    • To log the number of packets received, PacketReceivedCallback is used.
    • To log the SNR values whenever they are monitored, SnrCallback is used.
  1. Calculate link quality metrics :

By comparing the number of packets sent and received, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) is calculated. By averaging the SNR values logged during the simulation, Average SNR is calculated.

  1. Logging :

Log the number of packets sent, received, PDR, and average SNR.

We had successfully calculated communication links quality in ns3 by using several metrics, including packet delivery ratio (PDR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), and other factors. Also, we provide more related information on communication links quality.

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