How to Start Extended Star Topology Projects Using OMNeT++

To create an Extended Star Topology Simulation in OMNeT++, we will model a network which associates the different star topology, in which the central nodes for the stars are interconnected. This topology is generally used in the hierarchical or distributed networks.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to creating an Extended Star Topology Project in OMNeT++:

Steps to Start Extended Star Topology Projects Using OMNeT++

  1. Understand Extended Star Topology
  • Definition: An extended star topology contains for several star topologies interconnected through their central nodes.
  • Characteristics:
    • Associate the benefits of a star topology through scalability.
    • Decreases the failure risk associated to a single star.
    • Campus networks are typically used in a hierarchical LANs.
  • Applications:
    • It involves the Campus-wide LANs.
    • It Distributed the IoT networks.
  1. Set up OMNeT++ and INET Framework
  • Install OMNeT++: Download and set up OMNeT++ from the official website.
  • Install INET Framework:
    • The INET offers the components for a wired and wireless communication.
  1. Define Project Scope

Step 3.1: Goals

  • Replicate the data transfer among the star clusters in an extended the star topology.
  • Measure the parameter metrics such as:
    • Latency.
    • Throughput.
    • Packet delivery ratio (PDR).

Step 3.2: Metrics

  • Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): Rate of successfully delivered packets in the PDR.
  • Latency: Time taken for the packets and we traverse among the nodes.
  • Throughput: Number of data transferred in throughput with the network.
  1. Design the Extended Star Topology

Describe the network through several star topologies linked through their central nodes.

Example .ned File:

network ExtendedStarTopology {

submodules:

centralHub1: Router;         // Central hub of star 1

centralHub2: Router;         // Central hub of star 2

node1[3]: StandardHost;      // Nodes in star 1

node2[3]: StandardHost;      // Nodes in star 2

connections:

// Star 1 connections

node1[0].ethg++ <–> EthernetLink <–> centralHub1.ethg++;

node1[1].ethg++ <–> EthernetLink <–> centralHub1.ethg++;

node1[2].ethg++ <–> EthernetLink <–> centralHub1.ethg++;

// Star 2 connections

node2[0].ethg++ <–> EthernetLink <–> centralHub2.ethg++;

node2[1].ethg++ <–> EthernetLink <–> centralHub2.ethg++;

node2[2].ethg++ <–> EthernetLink <–> centralHub2.ethg++;

// Connection between central hubs

centralHub1.ethg++ <–> EthernetLink <–> centralHub2.ethg++;

}

  1. Configure Node Behavior

Step 5.1: Data Transmission

Use INET’s UdpBasicApp we replicate the congestion among the star clusters.

Example .ini File Configuration:

[Config ExtendedStarTopologySimulation]

network = ExtendedStarTopology

# Traffic within Star 1

**.node1[0].numApps = 1

**.node1[0].app[0].typename = “UdpBasicApp”

**.node1[0].app[0].destAddress = “node1[2]”

**.node1[0].app[0].startTime = 1s

**.node1[0].app[0].sendInterval = uniform(1s, 2s)

**.node1[0].app[0].packetLength = 512B

**.node1[2].numApps = 1

**.node1[2].app[0].typename = “UdpSink”

# Traffic within Star 2

**.node2[0].numApps = 1

**.node2[0].app[0].typename = “UdpBasicApp”

**.node2[0].app[0].destAddress = “node2[2]”

**.node2[0].app[0].startTime = 2s

**.node2[0].app[0].sendInterval = uniform(1s, 3s)

**.node2[0].app[0].packetLength = 512B

**.node2[2].numApps = 1

**.node2[2].app[0].typename = “UdpSink”

# Traffic between Stars

**.node1[1].numApps = 1

**.node1[1].app[0].typename = “UdpBasicApp”

**.node1[1].app[0].destAddress = “node2[1]”

**.node1[1].app[0].startTime = 3s

**.node1[1].app[0].sendInterval = uniform(2s, 4s)

**.node1[1].app[0].packetLength = 512B

**.node2[1].numApps = 1

**.node2[1].app[0].typename = “UdpSink”

# Simulation time

sim-time-limit = 50s

  1. Run and Visualize the Simulation
  • Run the Simulation: Establish the replication for OMNeT++.
  • Monitor Behavior:
    • Data flows are among the star clusters in a monitor behavior.
    • Track on the parameter metrics such as latency and packet delivery ratio.
  1. Analyze Results

Metrics to Evaluate:

  1. Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR):
    • Amount of the rate of packets provide successfully in the star clusters.
  2. Latency:
    • Estimate the delay for packets traveling among nodes.
  3. Throughput:
    • Measure the throughput for a data transfer rate with the network.

Visualization:

  • Used envision for an OMNeT++’s tools we visualize the data flows and node interactions.
  1. Enhance the Project

Step 8.1: Wireless Extended Star Topology

  • Repeat the wired connection by wireless connections using INET’s wireless modules.

Example Wireless Configuration:

*.node1[*].wlan.radio.channelNumber = 11

*.node2[*].wlan.radio.channelNumber = 11

*.centralHub1.wlan.radio.channelNumber = 11

*.centralHub2.wlan.radio.channelNumber = 11

*.node1[*].mobility.typename = “StationaryMobility”

*.node2[*].mobility.typename = “StationaryMobility”

Step 8.2: Add Mobility

  • Use mobility designs for the nodes we replicate the dynamic environments.

Step 8.3: Simulate Faults

  • Launch the node or connection failures and follow on the effect for a network.

Step 8.4: Increase Scale

  • Enhance the further stars to generate a larger extended star topology.

Step 8.5: Add Dynamic Routing

  • Use dynamic routing protocols for instance OSPF, AODV the inter-star communication.
  1. Example Output
  • Before Enhancements:
    • Data flows are smoothly among the star clusters.
    • It performs for metrices sure the latency and packet delivery.
  • After Enhancements:
    • Wireless communication and mobility for enhance the complexity.
    • The environment are Fault in the highlight for require the redundancy.

Would you like help implementing specific features like wireless communication, fault tolerance, or routing protocols in the extended star topology?

This manual explains the Extended Star topology has includes describing the install and implements procedures and gives some sample snippets for this project using the OMNeT++ environment.