How to Start Hello Flood Attack Projects Using NS2

To create a Hello Flood Attack project in NS2 needs for execute the replicate of attack wireless network. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Steps to Start Hello Flood Attack Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand the Hello Flood Attack
  • Hello Flood Attack:
    • It goals for the routing protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), such as AODV or DSR.
    • Exploits the “Hello” packets are used in the neighbor explores through forwarding a high volume of this packet or transfer by high transmission power, fooling nodes in assuming a malicious node is neighbor.
  • Impact:
    • Exhaustion for energy.
    • Improper for routing table bring up-to-date.
    • Interruption for communication.
  1. Set up Your Environment
  • Install NS2:
    • Assure the NS2 is installed and setting is correctly. Validate by a simple replication script.
  • Required Tools:
    • NS2 Simulator intended for processing the replication.
    • Network Animator (NAM) designed for envision of the attack.
    • AWK Scripts used for examine the trace files.
  1. Implement the Hello Flood Attack

We replicate the attack; change the protocol’s behavior for contain the malicious action:

Step 3.1: Duplicate the Protocol Code

  • Navigate for the NS2 source folder for sample /ns-2.35/.
  • Classify the routing protocol we require the alter for instance AODV.

cd ns-2.35/aodv

cp aodv.cc aodv_hello_flood.cc

cp aodv.h aodv_hello_flood.h

Step 3.2: Modify the Protocol Logic

  • Start the aodv_hello_flood.cc file.
  • Enhance the logic for flood network by “Hello” packets:

void AODV::sendHelloFlood() {

Packet *p = Packet::alloc();

hdr_ip *iph = hdr_ip::access(p);

iph->saddr() = index;  // Source address

iph->daddr() = IP_BROADCAST;  // Broadcast

iph->ttl() = 1;  // Prevent packet forwarding

Scheduler::instance().schedule(target_, p, 0.0);  // Immediate transmission

}

  • Activate this function has periodically or according to the condition for instance node activation:

Scheduler::instance().schedule(target_, new Event, HELLO_FLOOD_INTERVAL);

Step 3.3: Update the Makefile

  • Improve the new files such as aodv_hello_flood.cc and aodv_hello_flood.h for the NS2 Makefile.

cd ns-2.35

gedit Makefile

  • Append the aodv_hello_flood.o in the OBJ_CC list.

Step 3.4: Rebuild NS2

  • Compile NS2 by the new protocol:

make clean

make

  1. Write the Simulation Script

Generate a TCL script for replicate the Hello Flood Attack environment:

Step 4.1: Network Topology

Describe the wireless network by several nodes:

set ns [new Simulator]

# Create a wireless channel

set channel [new Channel/WirelessChannel]

set prop [new Propagation/TwoRayGround]

set phy [new Phy/WirelessPhy]

set mac [new Mac/802_11]

set ll [new LL]

set ifq [new Queue/DropTail/PriQueue]

# Create nodes

set node1 [$ns node]

set node2 [$ns node]

set attacker [$ns node]

# Set positions

$node1 set X_ 100; $node1 set Y_ 200; $node1 set Z_ 0

$node2 set X_ 300; $node2 set Y_ 200; $node2 set Z_ 0

$attacker set X_ 200; $attacker set Y_ 200; $attacker set Z_ 0

Step 4.2: Configure Routing

Use the changed routing protocol for the attacker node:

$ns at 5.0 “$attacker start-hello-flood”

Step 4.3: Traffic Patterns

It replicates the congestion between legitimate nodes:

set udp [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $node1 $udp

set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr attach-agent $udp

$cbr set packetSize_ 512

$cbr set rate_ 10Mb

$ns connect $udp $node2

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr start”

Step 4.4: Run Simulation

Complete the process for the script:

$ns run

  1. Analyze Results
  • Use the  outcomes for trace file to examine the parameter metrics:
    • Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR)
    • Throughput
    • Latency
    • Energy Consumption
  • Plot the graphs for associate the network performance through deprived of the attack.
  1. Mitigation Techniques

Optionally, we can:

  • Execute and validate countermeasures such as signal strength verification or neighbor trust models.
  • Study their efficiency through relating the outcomes.
  1. Document the Results
  • Write a report specifying:
    • The document has considered the attack setting and estimation.
    • After the report for the Simulation environment.
    • Then gives outcomes for based on the performance metrics observed.
    • Then report gives the some understandings and possible defenses.

Through the entire manual, we all know the general concepts that can help you to enhance the knowledge about the simulation process for hello flood attack project using the tool of ns2 that is used to secure the network. Added specific details about the network security will also be provided.