How to Start Industrial IoT Projects Using NS2

To stimulate an Industrial IoT (IIoT) project using NS2 has includes the set-up for the replicator a design IoT-specific networks, like as industrial automation, smart factories, and machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. Though NS2 does not natively helps for all IIoT structures, it can be extended and modify the replication of environments efficiently.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to get started with an Industrial IoT project using NS2:

Steps to Start Industrial IoT Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand IIoT Communication Requirements

IIoT networks have unique features:

  • Applications:
    • It contains the Industrial automation.
    • Keep on the remote monitoring.
    • It finding the predictive maintenance.
  • Network Types:
    • Low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN).
    • Wireless sensor networks (WSNs).
    • Edge computing.
  • Key Metrics:
    • It includes the parameter metrices such as Latency, reliability, throughput, energy efficiency, scalability.
  1. Install NS2
  1. Download NS2: Follow the NS2 official website.
  2. Install: Observe the installation procedures for the operating system.
  3. Verify: Validate the installation through processing a sample scripts.
  1. Define IIoT Simulation Objectives

Decide the concentrate of the project:

  • Protocol Evaluation: Replicate the protocol evaluation for MQTT, CoAP, or custom protocols.
  • Network Performance: Estimate the network performance for latency, reliability, and throughput.
  • Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency for replicate the low-power communication.
  • Scalability: Validate on how the network performs by various IIoT devices.
  1. Configure NS2 for IIoT

To adapt NS2 for IIoT:

  1. Wireless Sensor Network Setup:
    • Use the sensor network setting in NS2’s wireless modules we replicate the IIoT sensors.
  2. Energy Models:
    • Execute the low-power energy models for sensors.
  3. Traffic Models:
    • Replicate the congestion design for M2M traffic patterns or edge-to-cloud data flows.
  1. Write a TCL Script for IIoT

Here’s how to set up an IIoT network in NS2:

Step 1: Define Simulation Parameters

set ns [new Simulator]

# Simulation parameters

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel

set val(prop)   Propagation/TwoRayGround  ;# Propagation model

set val(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy          ;# Network interface type

set val(mac)    Mac/802_11               ;# MAC protocol

set val(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue  ;# Interface queue

set val(ll)     LL                       ;# Link layer

set val(ant)    Antenna/OmniAntenna      ;# Antenna type

set val(x)      1000                     ;# X-dimension of topology

set val(y)      1000                     ;# Y-dimension of topology

set val(energy) 10.0                     ;# Initial energy (in Joules)

Step 2: Create Nodes

Define IIoT devices and a central server or edge node:

# Create sensor nodes

set sensor_0 [$ns node]

$sensor_0 set X_ 100

$sensor_0 set Y_ 200

$sensor_0 add-energy-model $val(energy)

set sensor_1 [$ns node]

$sensor_1 set X_ 300

$sensor_1 set Y_ 400

$sensor_1 add-energy-model $val(energy)

# Create edge node (gateway)

set edge [$ns node]

$edge set X_ 500

$edge set Y_ 500

Step 3: Configure Links

Set up wireless communication between IIoT devices and the gateway:

# Establish links

$ns duplex-link $sensor_0 $edge 2Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $sensor_1 $edge 2Mb 10ms DropTail

Step 4: Add Traffic

Simulate IIoT data traffic:

# Attach UDP agents to sensors

set udp0 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $sensor_0 $udp0

set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $sensor_1 $udp1

# Attach sink to edge node

set sink [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $edge $sink

# Connect UDP agents to the sink

$ns connect $udp0 $sink

$ns connect $udp1 $sink

# Add CBR traffic for IIoT data

set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr0 attach-agent $udp0

$cbr0 set packetSize_ 512

$cbr0 set rate_ 100Kb

$ns at 1.0 “$cbr0 start”

set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr1 attach-agent $udp1

$cbr1 set packetSize_ 512

$cbr1 set rate_ 50Kb

$ns at 2.0 “$cbr1 start”

Step 5: Enable Mobility (Optional)

If IIoT devices are mobile (e.g., robots in a factory), simulate movement:

$ns at 3.0 “$sensor_0 setdest 200 300 5.0”

$ns at 5.0 “$sensor_1 setdest 400 500 3.0”

  1. Run the Simulation

Store the script as iiot_simulation.tcl and execute:

ns iiot_simulation.tcl

  1. Analyze Results
  1. Trace File:
    • Examine the performance parameter such as throughput, delay, and energy consumption.
    • Excerpt the data using for NS2’s trace file.
  2. Visualization:
    • Use the envision for NAM (Network Animator) to view the network:

nam output.nam

  1. Graphical Analysis:
    • Use the analysis graphical tool Xgraph or tools such as Python or MATLAB to plot outcomes.
  1. Extend the Simulation
  2. Protocol Implementation
  • Execute the protocols such as MQTT or CoAP for IIoT communication.
  • Increase for publish-subscribe or request-response mechanisms.
  1. Energy Efficiency
  • Replicate the efficiency of energy-harvesting or power-saving techniques.
  1. Interference and Reliability
  • Design the industrial surroundings by interference and noisy channels.
  1. Edge Computing
  • Edge node is replicate the processing and delay for real-time applications.
  1. Example Applications
  1. Smart Factory:
    • Track the sensors and devices in the automated for industrial configuration.
  2. Predictive Maintenance:
    • Replicate the data transmission for anomaly detection used for the maintenance.
  3. Scalability Testing:
    • Estimate the network performance through increase the density for IIoT nodes.
  1. Explore Advanced Tools

If NS2 does not fully see the requirements:

  • NS3: It provides the help for improve the design in IoT and IIoT replications.
  • OMNeT++: Modular and scalable for IIoT network modeling using the OMNeT++.
  • MATLAB/Simulink: These tools are useful for physical layer and signal processing replications.
  • Contiki OS: Particularly designed the IoT and IIoT applications.

Through using the ns2 tool, we performed a complete Industrial Internet of Things project analysis through the simulation procedure that is given above and basically it is used to interact and communicate to enhance the processes. If additional queries arise we will provide the explanation through a different document.