How to Start IP Protocols Projects Using NS3

To start IP Protocols in NS3 enables to function on diverse IP (Internet Protocol) projects, concentrating on elements such as IP routing, IP addressing, and IP-based protocol behaviors. NS3 environment supports both IPv4 and IPv6, permitting the simulation of network environments to utilize IP Protocols, IP routing protocols, and other IP-related functionalities.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you start IP protocol projects in NS3.

Steps to Start IP Protocols Projects in NS3

  1. Install NS3

If NS3 is not already installed on the system, we can set it up by following these steps (assuming a Linux environment):

# Update and install dependencies

sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y gcc g++ python3 python3-dev cmake libgsl-dev libsqlite3-dev

# Clone the NS-3 repository

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git ns-3

cd ns-3

# Configure and build NS-3

./ns3 configure –enable-examples –enable-tests

./ns3 build

  1. Create a New Script for an IP Protocol Simulation
  1. We need to make a new file like ip_simulation.cc, in the scratch directory of NS3.
  2. We utilize the below given code like a simple structure to configure an IP-based simulation, which contains IP addressing, static routing, and UDP interaction.

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/ipv4-static-routing-helper.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

// Enable logging for debugging

LogComponentEnable(“UdpEchoClientApplication”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

LogComponentEnable(“UdpEchoServerApplication”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(4);  // Example with 4 nodes

// Set up point-to-point links

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“1Gbps”));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“10ms”));

// Install links between nodes

NetDeviceContainer devAB = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));

NetDeviceContainer devBC = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));

NetDeviceContainer devCD = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3));

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install(nodes);

// Assign IP addresses to the devices

Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(devAB);

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(devBC);

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(devCD);

// Set up static routing

Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper staticRoutingHelper;

Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4A = nodes.Get(0)->GetObject<Ipv4>();

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRoutingA = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting(ipv4A);

staticRoutingA->AddNetworkRouteTo(Ipv4Address(“10.1.3.0”), Ipv4Mask(“255.255.255.0”), Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.2”), 1);

Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4B = nodes.Get(1)->GetObject<Ipv4>();

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRoutingB = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting(ipv4B);

staticRoutingB->AddNetworkRouteTo(Ipv4Address(“10.1.3.0”), Ipv4Mask(“255.255.255.0”), Ipv4Address(“10.1.2.2”), 1);

staticRoutingB->AddNetworkRouteTo(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.0”), Ipv4Mask(“255.255.255.0”), Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.1”), 1);

Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4C = nodes.Get(2)->GetObject<Ipv4>();

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRoutingC = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting(ipv4C);

staticRoutingC->AddNetworkRouteTo(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.0”), Ipv4Mask(“255.255.255.0”), Ipv4Address(“10.1.2.1”), 1);

staticRoutingC->AddNetworkRouteTo(Ipv4Address(“10.1.3.0”), Ipv4Mask(“255.255.255.0”), Ipv4Address(“10.1.3.2”), 1);

// Set up applications for testing communication

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(3));

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(Ipv4Address(“10.1.3.1”), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(1));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0));

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Run the simulation

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

In this code:

    • Nodes: To make four nodes for a small IP network.
    • Point-to-Point Links: Links are configured among the neighbouring nodes.
    • Internet Stack: The Internet stack is installed to allow the IP behaviours.
    • IP Addressing: IP addresses are allocated for each link among the nodes.
    • Static Routing: Static routes are set allowing the end-to-end connectivity.
    • UDP Echo Application: A UDP Echo server and client are configured to experiment interaction across the IP network.
  1. Build and Run the Simulation
  1. Now, in the scratch directory we can store ip_simulation.cc.
  2. Go to a terminal, pass through to the NS3 directory, and then make the script:

./ns3 build

  1. Run the simulation:

./ns3 run scratch/ip_simulation

  1. Analyze IP-Based Communication

This configuration will record UDP communication events, to indicate the simple IP-based connectivity among the nodes. According to the static routes, we can be observed IP address assignments and packet routing.

Experimentation Ideas

To discover more IP functionalities, we can:

  • Implement IPv6: Alter the script utilising IPv6 rather than IPv4. NS3 environment contains completely supports IPv6 with address assignment, routing, and ICMPv6.
  • Add Dynamic Routing Protocols: We can utilize routing protocols such as AODV, OLSR, or DSDV that are supported within NS3. These protocols manage the route discovery and maintenance automatically within dynamic topologies.
  • Experiment with QoS: Configure diverse IP traffic types like ICMP, TCP, and UDP, examining how IP networks manage various types of traffic.
  • Simulate NAT: We want to execute the NAT replicating IP address translation for larger networks.
  • Monitor Network Performance: Estimate the network performance parameters such as latency, throughput, and packet loss, measuring the network performance.

In this manual, we had delivered simulation techniques and same snippets to assist in simulating and evaluating the IP Protocols projects using NS3 environment. More innovative approaches will be shared in another manual.

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