How to Start Masquerade Attack Projects Using NS2

To create a masquerade attack in NS2 (Network Simulator 2) has includes the execution of environment in which an attacker mimics a legitimate user for gain the unauthorized assign the network or resources. This kind of attack according to the spoof in which attacker forges the IP address or MAC address for bypass the security mechanism.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to start your masquerade attack project in NS2:

Steps to Simulate Masquerade Attack in NS2

  1. Understand Masquerade Attacks
  • Mechanism: The attacker has impersonates a legitimate for classify nodes for instance IP or MAC address.
  • Goal:
    1. Get around the firewalls or security instructions.
    2. Interrupt the congestion for the legitimate node.
    3. Interrupt the network communication through mimic reliable devices.
  • Example Scenario:
    • A node transmits the data for masquerading attacker, believing a legitimate receiver.
  1. Set Up NS2
  • Install NS2:

sudo apt-get install ns2

  • Verify Installation: Test with a basic simulation script:

ns example.tcl

  1. Define Network Topology
  • Include:
    • Legitimate Nodes: The nodes are transmission for below the general environments.
    • Attacker Node: the attacker node has replicated the masquerading.
    • Victim Node: Node is aimed through the attacker.
  1. Simulate Masquerade Attack

The attacker spoofs the IP/MAC address for legitimate node for mimic the attack.

TCL Script for Masquerade Attack

Here’s a script which replicates the attacker can mimic the legitimate node:

# Initialize NS2 Simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

set tracefile [open masquerade_attack.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

# Define nodes

set legitimate [$ns node]

set victim [$ns node]

set attacker [$ns node]

# Create links

$ns duplex-link $legitimate $victim 1Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $attacker $victim 1Mb 10ms DropTail

# Attach agents for legitimate traffic

set tcp_legit [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $legitimate $tcp_legit

set sink_legit [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $victim $sink_legit

$ns connect $tcp_legit $sink_legit

# Attach agents for masquerading traffic

set udp_attack [new Agent/UDP]

$ns attach-agent $attacker $udp_attack

set null [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $victim $null

$ns connect $udp_attack $null

# Simulate legitimate traffic

set ftp [new Application/FTP]

$ftp attach-agent $tcp_legit

$ns at 1.0 “$ftp start”

# Simulate masquerade attack

# Attacker impersonates legitimate node by spoofing IP

proc masquerade {attacker victim packet} {

set spoofed_ip “192.168.1.2”  # IP of legitimate node

$attacker set-ip $spoofed_ip  # Attacker mimics legitimate IP

$victim recv $packet          # Victim receives spoofed traffic

}

set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr set packetSize_ 512

$cbr set interval_ 0.01

$cbr attach-agent $udp_attack

$ns at 2.0 “$cbr start”

$ns at 5.0 “$cbr stop”

# End simulation

$ns at 6.0 “finish”

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

exit 0

}

$ns run

  1. Trace File Analysis
  • Examine the created a trace file masquerade_attack.tr for following the study:
    • The spoofed packets from the attacker.
    • Effect of communication legitimate.
  • Example command to filter spoofed packets:

grep “UDP” masquerade_attack.tr > masquerade_packets.log

  1. Metrics to Observe
  • Throughput: Legitimate congestion can be reduced the attack interference.
  • Packet Loss: Improved the packet has stop through the attack.
  • Latency: Delay for the caused through masqueraded congestion.
  1. Advanced Customization

Intended for further realistic in masquerade attack environment:

  1. Modify NS2 Core Code:
    • In C++ (udp.cc), has replicated the packet spoofing.

void MasqueradeNode::recv(Packet *p) {

hdr_ip* iph = hdr_ip::access(p);

iph->saddr() = spoofed_ip;  // Set spoofed source IP

forward(p);

}

  1. Simulate IP/MAC Spoofing:
    • Change the attacker’s IP/MAC address for dynamically avoid the findings.
  1. Visualize Results
  • Use the outcomes Gnuplot or a same tool for envision:
    • Packet drop rate.
    • Throughput before, during, and after the attack.

Example Gnuplot command:

set title “Masquerade Attack Simulation”

plot “masquerade_packets.log” using 1:2 with lines title “Spoofed Packets”

  1. Simulate Defense Mechanisms

We encompass the project, for execute the countermeasures:

  1. Packet Filtering:
    • Stop the packets by unequal the IP/MAC pairs.

if {[packet source_ip] != [packet mac_address]} {

drop_packet

}

  1. Intrusion Detection System (IDS):
    • Finding the unusual congestion design or repeated the spoofing efforts.
  2. Authentication:
    • Execute the token-based or certificate-based validation.

Tools and Resources

  • Wireshark: Study the trace file for spoofed packets.
  • Gnuplot: envision for the effect of attack.
  • NS2 Documentation: Reference for encompassing the tool NS2 for functionality.

Here, we successfully implemented and executed the Masquerade attack project in ns2 that handles the communication between the several attack. A dedicated manual will be shared to handle further questions about this project