How to Start Mobile Computing Projects Using NS2

To create a Mobile Computing projects using NS2 has includes the replicate of wireless networks, mobility patterns, and communication protocols. The NS2 tool offers the robust help for a wireless network and creates a fixed platform for study the mobile computing. Here’s a step-by-step guide to get started:

Steps to Start Mobile Computing Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand Mobile Computing Basics

Classify the core features of mobile computing project:

  • Network Type: The kinds of network have MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks), VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks), or Cellular Networks.
  • Protocols: It includes the protocols for routing such as AODV, DSR and MAC like as IEEE 802.11 or Transport Layer protocols.
  • Metrics: Performance based on the parameter metrices such as Throughput, packet delivery ratio, delay, energy efficiency, etc.
  1. Set up NS2
  • Install NS2 on your system:
    • For Linux: Use package managers or create from source.
    • For Windows: Use Cygwin.
    • Download NS2.
  • Validate the installation through process a simple wireless replication script.
  1. Define Project Objectives

Determine the goals and focus of your project:

  • Mobility: Examine the effect for mobility models on the performance.
  • Protocols: Calculate or estimate the previous protocols such as existing protocols routing or MAC protocols.
  • Applications: Concentrate on the detailed use case, like as emergency communication or vehicular communication.
  1. Choose a Mobility Model

NS2 helps for many mobility models for mobile computing:

  • Random Waypoint Model: Default model in NS2 for arbitrary waypoint model.
  • Random Walk, Random Direction: The arbitrary walk and direction for other pre-existing models.
  • Custom Models: If required for apply the unique mobility designs based on the models.

We are setting the mobility:

  • Configure the mobility used the setdest tool we express the node actions.
  • Sample:

$ns at 5.0 “$node_(1) setdest 100 200 10.0”

  1. Design Network Topology

Design the network topology for the replication:

  • Nodes: Describe the number of mobile nodes.
  • Area: Require the replication area for sample 1000m x 1000m.
  • Connectivity: we configure the connectivity of wireless connection and parameters.
  1. Develop TCL Script

Write a TCL script we express the replication:

  • Node Creation: Generate the mobile nodes and setting their initial positions.
  • Communication Links: the connections are setting wireless communication parameters such as bandwidth, propagation.
  • Traffic Patterns: Describe the CBR, FTP, or other category of congestion.

Example:

# Create simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

set nf [open out.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $nf

# Define nodes

set node_(0) [$ns node]

set node_(1) [$ns node]

# Configure wireless parameters

set topo [new Topography]

$topo load_flatgrid 500 500

set chan_1_ [new Channel/WirelessChannel]

set prop [new Propagation/TwoRayGround]

set ll [new LL]

set mac [new Mac/802_11]

set ifq [new Queue/DropTail/PriQueue]

set phy [new Phy/WirelessPhy]

# Traffic generation

set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]

set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$udp1 attach-agent $cbr1

$ns connect $udp1 $udp2

  1. Implement Mobility

Add mobility to nodes:

  • Execute the mobility use setdest or predefined mobility models.
  • Sample for Random Waypoint:

$ns at 10.0 “$node_(0) setdest 200 300 15.0”

  1. Simulate Specific Protocols

Choose the protocols based on the project:

  • Routing Protocols:
    • AODV, DSR, DSDV, etc.
  • MAC Protocols:
    • IEEE 802.11, TDMA, etc.

If necessary alter or execute the alter protocol in NS2’s C++ core.

  1. Run and Analyze
  • The replication for the process of NS2:

ns your_script.tcl

  • Use NAM (Network Animator) to envision for the replication.
  • Excerpt the performance parameter from the suggest file using tools such as AWK or Python.
  1. Evaluate Performance

Concentrate on parameter metrics such as:

  • Throughput: Number of data achieved the throughput delivered.
  • Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): The rate of successfully delivered packets in the PDR.
  • End-to-End Delay: The end to end delay for normal latency in the packet delivery.
  • Energy Consumption: If relevant for mobile nodes in the energy usage.
  1. Validate and Compare
  • Associate the outcomes by previous benchmarks or replications.
  • Verify through reproducing the environment identified for the outcomes.

Example Mobile Computing Projects in NS2

  1. Impact of Mobility Models on Routing Protocols:
    • Associate the AODV, DSR, and DSDV below various mobility models on routing protocols.
  2. Energy-Efficient Routing in MANETs:
    • Model and validate the MANET for energy-efficient procedures.
  3. VANET Simulation:
    • Vehicular communication is replicate through realistic congestion designs.
  4. QoS Routing in Mobile Networks:
    • Execute the QoS-aware routing protocols in mobile networking.
  5. Disaster Management Network:
    • Networks are replicating for response the emergency situations.

In the above procedure, we had completely evaluated and analysed the results for compiling the simulation is to enhance the computing by using the Mobile Computing features that executed in ns2 tool. A follow-up manual will provide more details for any project-related queries.