How to Start Network Layer Projects Using NS3

To start Network Layer using NS3 which is liable for routing, forwarding, and addressing within an interaction network. At this layer, projects generally operating with routing protocols, addressing schemes, or custom network algorithms. Here’s a basic method to start and execute the Network Layer Projects using NS3.

Steps to Start Network Layer Projects in NS3

  1. Understand Network Layer Projects
  • Key Areas to Explore:
    • Routing Protocols: OSPF, RIP, AODV, DSDV, or custom algorithms are routing protocols.
    • Addressing and Subnetting: It supports IP set up and management.
    • QoS and Traffic Engineering: Enhance the routing for metrics like delay, bandwidth, or other parameters.
    • Multicast and Broadcast: Focus on group interactions within networks.
  • Applications:
    • It is used to enhance or experiment the routing protocols for wired or wireless networks.
    • Enhance traffic flow within large-scale networks.
    • In dynamic topologies, measure the network performance.
  1. Set Up NS3
  1. Install NS3:

sudo apt update

sudo apt install g++ python3 git cmake

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./waf configure

./waf build

  1. Verify Installation:

./waf –run scratch/my-first

  1. Plan Your Network Layer Project
  1. Select a Routing Protocol:
    • We can choose existing protocols like OSPF, AODV, and DSDV or improve custom ones.
  2. Define Topology:
    • We need to describe simple linear and grid topologies or complex hierarchical, dynamic topologies.
  3. Simulation Goals:
    • Compute the indicators such as throughput, delay, jitter, and packet delivery ratio.
  1. Example: Dynamic Routing with AODV

Here’s an instance illustrates a simple AODV routing simulation for a wireless ad hoc network.

Code:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/aodv-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main() {

// Enable logging

LogComponentEnable(“AodvExample”, LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

// Create nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(5);

// Configure mobility

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(20.0),

“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(20.0),

“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(3),

“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::RandomWalk2dMobilityModel”,

“Bounds”, RectangleValue(Rectangle(-50, 50, -50, 50)));

mobility.Install(nodes);

// Install Internet stack with AODV

AodvHelper aodv;

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.SetRoutingHelper(aodv);

internet.Install(nodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.0.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(nodes);

// Create traffic application

uint16_t port = 9;

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(port);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(4));

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces.GetAddress(4), port);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(5));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0));

clientApp.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

// Run simulation

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

  1. Key Features
  1. Dynamic Topology:
    • Mobility models replicate the dynamic node locations and link changes.
  2. Routing Protocol:
    • AODV determines and sustains the routes actively.
  3. Traffic Simulation:
    • Applications make traffic to experiment the performance of routing.
  1. Advanced Network Layer Features

Custom Routing Protocol

Optimize a custom routing protocol by means of prolonging Ipv4RoutingProtocol.

Skeleton Code:

class CustomRoutingProtocol : public Ipv4RoutingProtocol {

public:

static TypeId GetTypeId();

CustomRoutingProtocol();

virtual ~CustomRoutingProtocol();

Ptr<Ipv4Route> RouteOutput(Ptr<Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<NetDevice> oif, Socket::SocketErrno &sockerr) override;

bool RouteInput(Ptr<const Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header &header,

Ptr<const NetDevice> idev, UnicastForwardCallback ucb,

MulticastForwardCallback mcb, LocalDeliverCallback lcb,

ErrorCallback ecb) override;

};

Load Balancing

Dynamically deliver the traffic depends on the parameters such as delay or congestion.

Example:

void LoadBalance(Ptr<Packet> packet) {

// Select the least congested path

}

QoS-Aware Routing

Integrate QoS metrics such as bandwidth, delay, or jitter.

We had provided essential insights with sample coding for you on how to start and execute the Network Layer Projects using NS3 tool through stepwise techniques. Likewise, we will insert more details about this project.

Our team is here to help you kick off the Network Layer with NS3 by providing a detailed step-by-step guide, ensuring you can start and simulate your project on schedule.