How to Start Optical Network Projects Using NS2

To create an Optical Network project in NS2 it requires a adjusting the replicator to design optical communication technologies like as Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM), and optical fibre-based data transmission. While NS2 was primarily design for traditional wireless and wired communication, can be encompass the replication of optical networks.

Steps to Start Optical Network Projects Using NS2

Here’s a step-by-step guide to get started:

  1. Understand Optical Networks

The optical networks transmit data using light over optical fibers. Important features have included:

  • Components:
    • It contains the Optical fibers, amplifiers, transmitters, and receivers.
    • The optical switches and routers are transmitting the data.
  • Technologies:
    • Optical Time Division Multiplexing (OTDM).
    • Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM).
  • Metrics:
    • Bit Error Rate (BER).
    • Throughput and delay.
    • Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).
  1. Install NS2
  1. Download NS2: NS2 Official Website.
  2. Install: Observe the installation procedures on a Linux-based system for compatibility.
  3. Verify Installation: Process for the sample scripts to assure NS2 is functioning correctly.
  1. Define the Project Scope

Select the concentrate area:

  • Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA): Replicating the methods for optical routing and wavelength allocation.
  • Performance Metrics: It includes the throughput, delay, and energy efficiency.
  • Optical Switching: Replicate the optical packet switching or circuit switching.
  • WDM/DWDM: Estimate the wavelength multiplexing performance.
  1. Extend NS2 for Optical Networks

Since NS2 lacks native help for optical networks, consider the following:

  1. Use Optical Extensions
  1. Optical WDM Network (OWN): Extensions such as OWN add WDM support to NS2.
  2. Custom Modules: Examine the research-developed components for optical networks on GitHub or academic repositories.
  1. Customize NS2

If no suitable extensions are available:

  1. Modify the Physical Layer:
    • Encompass the Phy/WirelessPhy class we replicate the optical fibers by properties such as attenuation and dispersion.
  2. Add Wavelength Support:
    • Launch the wavelength channels and multiplexing logic in the MAC layer.
  3. Model BER and SNR:
    • Apply the algorithms for signal degradation over optical fibers.
  1. Write TCL Script for Optical Networks

Here’s a simple TCL script structure to replicate an optical network:

Step 1: Define Simulation Parameters

set ns [new Simulator]

# Simulation parameters

set val(chan)   Channel/WirelessChannel  ;# Use as base

set val(prop)   Propagation/FreeSpace    ;# Customize for optical propagation

set val(netif)  Phy/WirelessPhy          ;# Extend for optical properties

set val(mac)    Mac/802_11               ;# Custom MAC for optical

set val(ifq)    Queue/DropTail/PriQueue

set val(x)      1000                     ;# X-dimension of topology

set val(y)      1000                     ;# Y-dimension of topology

Step 2: Create Nodes

Define transmitters, receivers, and optical switches:

# Create optical nodes

set node_0 [$ns node]

$node_0 set X_ 50

$node_0 set Y_ 50

set node_1 [$ns node]

$node_1 set X_ 950

$node_1 set Y_ 50

# Add an optical switch

set switch [$ns node]

$switch set X_ 500

$switch set Y_ 500

Step 3: Configure Links

Replicate optical fiber connection:

# Add optical links

$ns duplex-link $node_0 $switch 10Gb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $switch $node_1 10Gb 10ms DropTail

Step 4: Add Traffic

Simulate optical data transmission:

# Attach TCP agent

set tcp [new Agent/TCP]

$ns attach-agent $node_0 $tcp

set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]

$ns attach-agent $node_1 $sink

# Connect agents

$ns connect $tcp $sink

# Add FTP traffic over TCP

set ftp [new Application/FTP]

$ftp attach-agent $tcp

$ns at 1.0 “$ftp start”

  1. Run the Simulation

Store the script for sample optical_network.tcl and implement:

ns optical_network.tcl

  1. Analyze Results
  1. Trace File:
    • Excerpt the parameter metrics such as throughput, delay, and packet loss.
  2. Visualization:
    • Use the envision for NAM (Network Animator) we track the optical network:

nam output.nam

  1. Performance Metrics:
    • Use the tool for Xgraph or MATLAB we plot the outcomes.
  1. Extend the Simulation
  2. Implement WDM/DWDM
  1. Wavelength Channels:
    • Allocate the various wavelengths congestion flows.
  2. Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA):
    • Apply the procedures for enhance the path and wavelength selection.
  1. Add Optical Amplifiers
  • Design the signal amplification we replicate the long-distance transmission.
  1. Include Error Models
  • Replicate the signal degradation due to attenuation for dispersion and noise.
  1. Example Applications
  • Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA):
    • Estimate the performance of procedures for path selection and assign the wavelength.
  • Optical Packet Switching:
    • Examine the latency and throughput in optical switches.
  • WDM/DWDM Performance:
    • Examine the effect of wavelength multiplexing on network capacity.
  1. Consider Alternative Tools

If NS2 lacks sufficient optical network features:

  • NS3: It helps for the modern network replication it including the optical networks.
  • OMNeT++: Highly modular for optical and WDM network replication in the OMNET++.
  • MATLAB: Model for physical layer replication and signal processing for the tool.
  • OptiSystem: Model and replication for the dedicated the optical network.

In this setup we had clearly gather information on how to setup the simulation and how to replicate the Optical Network using ns2 tool. We will offer insights into the implementation of the Optical Network in diverse simulation scenarios.