How to Start Passive Attacks Projects using NS3

To Simulate the Passive Attacks in NS-3 has contains the generating scenarios in which an attacker observes and analyses the network traffic without actively interfering. Passive attacks concentrate on eavesdropping, traffic analysis, or data extraction. Below are the steps to start such projects:

Steps to Start Passive Attacks Projects using NS3

  1. Set Up NS-3
  • Install and build NS-3:

./waf configure

./waf build

  • Test the installation:

./waf –run hello-simulator

  1. Understand Passive Attacks
  • Definition: The Passive attacks do not modify the network traffic nevertheless seizure and analyse it. For general samples are provided:
    • Eavesdropping: Listening the unencrypted transmission.
    • Traffic Analysis: It observing the congestion designs we infer sensitive data.
    • Packet Sniffing: Capturing and inspecting packet contents.
  • Goals:
    • Extract important data such as credentials, session keys.
    • Examine their network behaviour or user activity.
  1. Define the Network Topology
  • Build a network with:
    • Legitimate nodes like as hosts, servers.
    • Passive attacker is eavesdropper/sniffer.
  • Sample Topology:

NodeContainer nodes, attacker;

nodes.Create(3);     // Legitimate nodes (Sender, Receiver, Router)

attacker.Create(1);  // Passive attacker node

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

// Connect nodes in a chain

NetDeviceContainer devices1 = p2p.Install(NodeContainer(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1)));

NetDeviceContainer devices2 = p2p.Install(NodeContainer(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2)));

NetDeviceContainer devices3 = p2p.Install(NodeContainer(attacker.Get(0), nodes.Get(1)));

  1. Assign IP Addresses
  • Install the Internet stack and assign IPs to the nodes.

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

stack.Install(attacker);

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces1 = address.Assign(devices1);

address.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces2 = address.Assign(devices2);

address.SetBase(“10.1.3.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces3 = address.Assign(devices3);

  1. Simulate Normal Traffic
  • Improve the legitimate traffic among the sender and receiver nodes.
  • Sample: UDP Echo Traffic

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(9);

ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(2));  // Receiver

serverApps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(interfaces2.GetAddress(0), 9);

echoClient.SetAttribute(“MaxPackets”, UintegerValue(100));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“Interval”, TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0));  // Sender

clientApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

  1. Implement the Passive Attack
  • Packet Sniffing:
    • Assign a call back we seizure their packets and passing through the attacker’s device.

Example:

void PacketSniffer(Ptr<const Packet> packet) {

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Captured Packet: ” << *packet);

}

Ptr<NetDevice> attackerDevice = devices3.Get(0);

attackerDevice->TraceConnectWithoutContext(“PhyRxDrop”, MakeCallback(&PacketSniffer));

  • Traffic Analysis:
    • Observe their traffic flow and collect statistics such as packet size, timing.

Example:

void TrafficAnalyzer(Ptr<const Packet> packet, Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4, uint32_t interface) {

Ipv4Header ipv4Header;

packet->PeekHeader(ipv4Header);

NS_LOG_UNCOND(“Captured Packet: Source: ” << ipv4Header.GetSource()

<< ” Destination: ” << ipv4Header.GetDestination()

<< ” Size: ” << packet->GetSize());

}

attacker.Get(0)->GetObject<Ipv4>()->TraceConnect(“Rx”, “Interface”, MakeCallback(&TrafficAnalyzer));

  1. Enable Packet Capturing
  • Ensure the PCAP tracing we seizure their congestion for analysis with Wireshark or similar tools.

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.EnablePcapAll(“passive-attack”);

  1. Run the Simulation
  • We Build and execute the simulation:

./waf –run passive-attack

  • .pcap files will be generated for each device.
  1. Analyse Captured Packets
  • Open the .pcap files in Wireshark:

Wireshark passive-attack-0-0.pcap

  • Used these filters we examine precise traffic:
    • ICMP Packets: icmp
    • UDP Packets: udp
    • TCP Packets: tcp
  1. Optional: Implement Countermeasures
  • Replicate the countermeasures we avoid the overhearing:
    • Encryption: encode the data we avoid inspection.
    • Traffic Obfuscation: Enhance the noise traffic we mask real transmission.
  • Sample: Adding Dummy Traffic

OnOffHelper dummyTraffic(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress(interfaces2.GetAddress(1), 9));

dummyTraffic.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, DataRateValue(DataRate(“1Mbps”)));

ApplicationContainer dummyApps = dummyTraffic.Install(attacker);

dummyApps.Start(Seconds(2.0));

dummyApps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

  1. Evaluate Metrics
  • Analyse the attack’s efficiency:
    • Packets Captured: Number of packets intercepted through the attacker.
    • Information Leakage: Measure the number of sensitive data exposed.
  • Utilized FlowMonitor for detailed traffic analysis:

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

Overall, the simulation will be successfully established and illustrated for passive attack with the help of NS3 tool that has contain brief methods, extension of the simulation along with code snippets. If you did like to know more information, we will be offered it.

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