How to Start Ping Sweep Attack Projects Using NS2

To stimulate a ping sweep attack in NS2 (Network Simulator 2) have been involves the build a network in which an attacker node transmit the ICMP Echo (ping) request for several node in effort of classify the active hosts on the network. A pin sweep is investigate the method of used a precursor to more targeted attacks.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to simulate a ping sweep attack:

Steps to Start Ping Sweep Attack Projects Using NS2

  1. Understand Ping Sweep Attacks
  • What is a Ping Sweep Attack?
    • Attackers transmit the ICMP Echo Requests for the range of discover live hosts in IP address.
  • Goals of the Simulation:
    • Replicate the ping sweep attack.
    • Examine the effect of the network.
    • It validates the potential implementation methods for instance rate limiting or firewalls.
  1. Set Up NS2
  • Install NS2:
    • Download and install NS2.35 or the latest version from NS2’s official website.
  • Verify Installation:
    • Validate the installation by simple script of Tcl:

ns example.tcl

  1. Plan Your Simulation
  • Network Topology:
    • It contains the numerous legitimate hosts has one attacker node.
    • Optionally, enhance routers for replicate the larger networks.
  • Simulation Metrics:
    • Number of ICMP Echo Requests transmits through the attacker.
    • Response duration for ICMP Echo Replies.
    • Effect on legitimate congestion.
  1. Write a Simulation Script

Build a Tcl script has replicated the ping sweep attack.

Example Ping Sweep Simulation Script

# Initialize the simulator

set ns [new Simulator]

# Define trace and NAM output files

set tracefile [open ping_sweep.tr w]

$ns trace-all $tracefile

set namfile [open ping_sweep.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $namfile

# Create nodes

set attacker [$ns node]   ;# Attacker node

set host1 [$ns node]      ;# Target host 1

set host2 [$ns node]      ;# Target host 2

set host3 [$ns node]      ;# Target host 3

# Create duplex links

$ns duplex-link $attacker $host1 10Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $attacker $host2 10Mb 10ms DropTail

$ns duplex-link $attacker $host3 10Mb 10ms DropTail

# Attach UDP agents to simulate ping requests

proc send_ping {src dst interval size} {

global ns

set udp [new Agent/UDP]

set null [new Agent/Null]

$ns attach-agent $src $udp

$ns attach-agent $dst $null

$ns connect $udp $null

# Configure the traffic

set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]

$cbr attach-agent $udp

$cbr set packetSize_ $size

$cbr set interval_ $interval

return $cbr

}

# Configure ping sweep traffic from attacker to hosts

set ping1 [send_ping $attacker $host1 0.1 64]  ;# Ping to host1

set ping2 [send_ping $attacker $host2 0.1 64]  ;# Ping to host2

set ping3 [send_ping $attacker $host3 0.1 64]  ;# Ping to host3

# Start and stop the ping sweep

$ns at 1.0 “$ping1 start”

$ns at 1.5 “$ping1 stop”

$ns at 2.0 “$ping2 start”

$ns at 2.5 “$ping2 stop”

$ns at 3.0 “$ping3 start”

$ns at 3.5 “$ping3 stop”

# Finish simulation

$ns at 5.0 “finish”

proc finish {} {

global ns tracefile namfile

$ns flush-trace

close $tracefile

close $namfile

exec nam ping_sweep.nam &

exit 0

}

# Run the simulation

$ns run

  1. Run the Simulation
  • Store the script as ping_sweep.tcl.
  • Implement the terminal:

ns ping_sweep.tcl

  • Outputs:
    • Trace File (ping_sweep.tr): Logs movements like as packet transmissions and receptions.
    • NAM File (ping_sweep.nam): Envision for the attack in NAM (Network Animator).
  1. Analyze Results
  • Trace File Analysis:
    • Use tools like AWK, Python, or MATLAB for excerpt metrics:
      • Number of ICMP Echo Requests sent.
      • Response duration for ICMP Echo Replies.
      • Packet loss or delay caused through the ping sweep.
  • NAM Visualization:
    • Monitor on how the attacker transfer the pings for various hosts in sequence.
  1. Experiment with Scenarios
  • Increase Network Size:
    • Enhance the further nodes and tack on how the attacks are scales.
  • Legitimate Traffic:
    • Establish the legitimate congestion and calculate the effect of ping sweep on normal functions.
  • Distributed Ping Sweep:
    • Ping sweep has replicated the several attackers for leading distribute.
  1. Implement Mitigation Techniques
  • Rate Limiting:
    • Enhance the logic for restrict the number of ICMP requests and maintain a host.
  • Traffic Filtering:
    • Block the pings are repeated from the similar source in IP address.
  • Anomaly Detection:
    • Finding the log unusual for more ping designs are investigate.
  1. Document the Results
  • Metrics to Report:
    • Number of pings sent and responses received.
    • Packet delivery ratio and response duration.
    • Effect on performance of network.
  • Graphs:
    • Use the graph tools such as Gnuplot, MATLAB, or Python to plot results.
  • Summary:
    • It contains the explanations and potential developments.
  1. Advanced Project Ideas
  • Stealthy Ping Sweep:
    • Ping sweep has replicate by randomized the intervals or IP addresses for prevent the finding in IP addresses.
  • Wireless Ping Sweep:
    • Encompass the replication of wireless networks.
  • Ping Flooding:
    • Examine on how the high-frequency for changes the ping sweep in a Denial of Service (DoS) attack.

By the following code snippets and simulation procedures will very helpful to complete the simulation procedure for host based ping sweep attack that were simulated and visualized the results using ns2 tool. Any queries related to this project will be clarified in a different manual.