How to Start Simple Network Protocol Projects Using NS3

To start a Simple Network Protocol (SNP) project in NS3 encompasses to model or execute a straightforward protocol for routing or interaction that frequently utilized for learning or prototype exercise. This project can be supported to know the crucial concepts of network and NS3 simulation functionalities.

Below is a basic technique to initiating an SNP project using NS3:

Steps to Start Simple Network Protocol Projects in NS3

1. Define the Objectives of Your Simple Network Protocol

• Purpose of the Protocol:
  • We define the basic routing like static and broadcast.
  • Simple interaction protocols for analysis and learning.
• Key Features to Include:
  • Packet forwarding logic.
  • Focus on scheme (if required).
  • To control errors or retransmissions (optional).
• Examples of SNP:
  • A basic broadcast protocol in which each node sends the received packets.
  • To utilize pre-configured routes for simple unicast protocol.

2. Set Up NS3

• Install NS3:
  • Go to nsnam.org to download and install.
• Verify Installation:

./waf –run scratch/test-example

• Modules to Use:
  • internet: It supports for simple IP functionality.
  • point-to-point or wifi: For network topology.
  • applications: Replicating the traffic.

3. Plan the Protocol Design

• Topology:
  • Begin by a simple topology like linear and star topology.
  • Example: A chain of nodes in which packets are sent.
• Features:
  • Node behavior: We can know in what way nodes forward, drop, or process the packets.
  • Addressing: Choose whether utilizing IP addresses or custom identifiers.

4. Write a Basic Network Simulation

• We need to make a network and replicate the simple packet transfer.
• Example: Linear Topology with Packet Forwarding

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/point-to-point-module.h”

#include “ns3/applications-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

void ForwardPacket(Ptr<Socket> socket, Address peerAddress) {

Ptr<Packet> packet = Create<Packet>(1024); // Create a 1 KB packet

socket->SendTo(packet, 0, peerAddress);

NS_LOG_INFO(“Packet forwarded at ” << Simulator::Now().GetSeconds());

}

void ReceivePacket(Ptr<Socket> socket) {

while (socket->Recv()) {

NS_LOG_INFO(“Packet received at ” << Simulator::Now().GetSeconds());

}

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(3); // Linear topology: Node0 -> Node1 -> Node2

PointToPointHelper p2p;

p2p.SetDeviceAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“10Mbps”));

p2p.SetChannelAttribute(“Delay”, StringValue(“2ms”));

NetDeviceContainer devices1 = p2p.Install(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));

NetDeviceContainer devices2 = p2p.Install(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4;

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(devices1);

ipv4.SetBase(“10.1.2.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

ipv4.Assign(devices2);

// Setup sockets for communication

TypeId tid = TypeId::LookupByName(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”);

Ptr<Socket> recvSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(nodes.Get(1), tid);

InetSocketAddress local = InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), 8080);

recvSocket->Bind(local);

recvSocket->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&ReceivePacket));

Ptr<Socket> sendSocket = Socket::CreateSocket(nodes.Get(0), tid);

InetSocketAddress peerAddress = InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address(“10.1.1.2”), 8080);

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(2.0), &ForwardPacket, sendSocket, peerAddress);

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(5.0));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

5. Extend the Protocol

• Custom Protocol Logic:
  • Insert functionality for transmitting, packet acknowledgment, or retransmission.
• Custom Packet Format:
  • We can prolong the NS3’s Packet class containing more fields like source ID, sequence number.
• Error Handling:
  • Experiment reliability for drop packets or replicate the packet loss.

6. Test and Debug

• Enable Logging:

export NS_LOG=UdpSocketFactory=level_all

./waf –run scratch/simple-network-protocol

• Inspect Packet Flow:
  • Examine traffic within Wireshark to utilize PCAP files.

p2p.EnablePcapAll(“snp”);

• Debug Custom Logic:
  • Insert logging to monitor the packet flow or routing decisions.

7. Evaluate Performance

• Metrics to Measure:
  • We estimate the performance metrics such as packet delivery ratio, latency, and bandwidth utilization.
• Use FlowMonitor:

FlowMonitorHelper flowMonitor;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowMonitor.InstallAll();

8. Advanced Features

• Mobility:
  • Insert mobility models to experiment the SNP within dynamic environments.

MobilityHelper mobility;

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(“ns3::GridPositionAllocator”,

“MinX”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“MinY”, DoubleValue(0.0),

“DeltaX”, DoubleValue(5.0),

“DeltaY”, DoubleValue(5.0),

“GridWidth”, UintegerValue(3),

“LayoutType”, StringValue(“RowFirst”));

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(nodes);

• Dynamic Topology:
  • Mimic node addition or removal.
• Traffic Control:
  • Give precedence to traffic or execute the QoS aspects to utilize TrafficControlHelper.

From the above illustration we all gain knowledge about how the Simple Network Protocol projects were executed and simulated utilising NS3 simulation tool through offered procedure. If you need more information regarding this topic we will provide it too.

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