How to Start V2X Communication Projects Using NS3

To start Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication projects in NS3, we will replicate the interaction situation in which vehicles swap information including other vehicles (V2V), infrastructure (V2I), pedestrians (V2P), and the network (V2N). NS3 environment responsible for simple wireless communication and mobility models, and with more modules, we can be replicated realistic V2X scenarios. Drop us a message if you want help in your project work we do gurantee best results. We deliver the basic guide to start the V2X Communication Projects in NS3:

Steps to Start V2X Communication Projects in NS3

  1. Set Up NS3 Environment

Make sure we have installed the NS3, for wireless communication including the essential modules. We will normally apply the LTE, WiFi, and WiFi 802.11p (WAVE) modules, along with mobility models for V2X.

  1. Install NS3 and allow examples and experiments.

./waf configure –enable-examples –enable-tests

./waf build

  1. Verify LTE and WAVE Modules: The LTE module is necessary for V2N communication, whereas WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) is utilized. If WAVE is not allowed by default then we require setting up it by means of making sure that wave is allowed within the build set up.
  1. Understand V2X Components and Types of Communication

V2X projects normally contain the following communication:

  • V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle): Interaction among vehicles to interchange information for collision avoidance and traffic management such as speed, location, and direction.
  • V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure): For traffic lights, communication among vehicles and roadside units (RSUs), speed limits, and other infrastructure-related data.
  • V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian): VSP interaction between vehicles and pedestrians that normally via mobile devices or sensors.
  • V2N (Vehicle-to-Network): For internet connectivity, communication including the cellular networks and get into cloud services.
  1. Set Up the Network Topology

Initially, we make a simple network including vehicles and roadside units (RSUs) replicating V2V and V2I interaction.

Example Setup: Simple V2V and V2I Communication with WAVE

  1. Define the Nodes: For vehicles and RSUs, describe the nodes.
  2. Install WAVE Devices: Configure WAVE (802.11p) for vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure interaction.
  3. Configure Mobility Models: Replicate vehicle movement across roads utilizing mobility models of NS3.

Following is an example NS3 script, which configures a simple V2V and V2I interaction situation:

#include “ns3/core-module.h”

#include “ns3/network-module.h”

#include “ns3/mobility-module.h”

#include “ns3/internet-module.h”

#include “ns3/wave-module.h”

#include “ns3/wifi-module.h”

using namespace ns3;

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

CommandLine cmd;

cmd.Parse(argc, argv);

// Create nodes for vehicles and RSUs

NodeContainer vehicleNodes;

vehicleNodes.Create(3); // 3 vehicles

NodeContainer rsuNodes;

rsuNodes.Create(1); // 1 RSU

// Set up WAVE (802.11p) for V2V and V2I

YansWifiPhyHelper wifiPhy = YansWifiPhyHelper::Default();

YansWifiChannelHelper wifiChannel = YansWifiChannelHelper::Default();

wifiPhy.SetChannel(wifiChannel.Create());

QosWaveMacHelper wifi80211pMac = QosWaveMacHelper::Default();

Wifi80211pHelper wifi80211p = Wifi80211pHelper::Default();

wifi80211p.SetRemoteStationManager(“ns3::ConstantRateWifiManager”, “DataMode”, StringValue(“OfdmRate6MbpsBW10MHz”), “ControlMode”, StringValue(“OfdmRate6MbpsBW10MHz”));

NetDeviceContainer waveDevices;

waveDevices = wifi80211p.Install(wifiPhy, wifi80211pMac, vehicleNodes);

waveDevices.Add(wifi80211p.Install(wifiPhy, wifi80211pMac, rsuNodes));

// Set up mobility model for vehicles

MobilityHelper mobility;

Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> positionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator>();

positionAlloc->Add(Vector(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // Vehicle 1 position

positionAlloc->Add(Vector(50.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // Vehicle 2 position

positionAlloc->Add(Vector(100.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // Vehicle 3 position

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(positionAlloc);

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantVelocityMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(vehicleNodes);

for (uint32_t i = 0; i < vehicleNodes.GetN(); ++i) {

vehicleNodes.Get(i)->GetObject<ConstantVelocityMobilityModel>()->SetVelocity(Vector(10.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // All vehicles move at 10 m/s

}

// Set up RSU node position

Ptr<ListPositionAllocator> rsuPositionAlloc = CreateObject<ListPositionAllocator>();

rsuPositionAlloc->Add(Vector(50.0, 0.0, 0.0)); // RSU position

mobility.SetPositionAllocator(rsuPositionAlloc);

mobility.SetMobilityModel(“ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel”);

mobility.Install(rsuNodes);

// Install Internet stack on nodes

InternetStackHelper internet;

internet.Install(vehicleNodes);

internet.Install(rsuNodes);

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase(“10.1.1.0”, “255.255.255.0”);

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign(waveDevices);

// Create a WAVE application to broadcast messages

uint16_t port = 8080;

OnOffHelper onOffHelper(“ns3::UdpSocketFactory”, InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address(“255.255.255.255”), port));

onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“DataRate”, StringValue(“1Mbps”));

onOffHelper.SetAttribute(“PacketSize”, UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer apps = onOffHelper.Install(vehicleNodes);

apps.Start(Seconds(1.0));

apps.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

Simulator::Stop(Seconds(10.0));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

  1. Configure Communication and Applications

For V2X applications:

  • Data Exchange: Replicate the data exchange among vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and RSUs (V2I) utilizing UDP broadcast.
  • Custom Applications: Improve applications, which transmit messages occasionally, to signify the vehicular information like speed, location, or alerts.

For example, replicate the periodic information broadcasting utilizing OnOffHelper from vehicles to other nodes.

  1. Add Support for V2N Communication (LTE or 5G)

We replicate the Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) communication to incorporate LTE or 5G. This appends the cellular connectivity and it permits vehicles linking to network services.

  1. Install LTE Module: Configure LTE devices at vehicles.
  2. EPC Configuration: For internet access utilize NS3’s EPC (Evolved Packet Core), to allow the V2N interaction.
  3. Handover Mechanism: Replicate seamless transitions among WiFi and LTE since vehicles move in and beyond the RSU coverage.
  1. Set Up a Mobility Model and Dynamic Environment

V2X interaction is highly active. Utilize realistic mobility models:

  • ConstantVelocityMobilityModel: In a straight line to travel the vehicles.
  • RandomWaypointMobilityModel: For more difficult movement patterns.
  • Waypoints and Roads: Describe the waypoints or make custom roads replicating realistic driving situations.
  1. Monitor and Collect Data

We can estimate the V2X network’s performance:

  • Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): Compute the rate of V2X messages effectively that are distributed.
  • Latency: Log the end-to-end delay of messages, for real-time safety applications that is significant.
  • Throughput: Estimate the data transfer rates examining network efficiency in diverse traffic loads.

Instance with FlowMonitor to observe interaction:

FlowMonitorHelper flowmon;

Ptr<FlowMonitor> monitor = flowmon.InstallAll();

monitor->SerializeToXmlFile(“v2x-flowmon.xml”, true, true);

  1. Analyze and Visualize Results
  • NetAnim: Envision vehicle movement and interaction to utilize NetAnim of NS3.
  • Trace Files: For detailed performance parameters, we can examine the trace files.
  • Evaluate Metrics: Equate packet delivery ratio, latency, and throughput in different conditions to know the V2X communication’s performance and reliability.

Through this process, we had successfully executed the V2X Communication project that helps to know how to start, analyse and visualize it using NS3 tool.  We can also offer in-depth information regarding this process.